Global Antidepressants Market

Anti-Viral Drug Therapy Market Definition

The anti-viral drug therapy market consists of sales of branded and generic anti-viral drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that manufacture branded or generic anti-viral drugs to treat microbial infections. The anti-viral drug therapy industry includes establishments that manufacture anti-viral drugs, which are used to treat diseases or illnesses caused by viral infections. Examples of antiviral drugs include idoxuridine, famiciclovir, cidofovir, amantadine, zanamivir, tenofovir, adefovir and ribavirin. Viruses are infective agents comprising of a core of nucleic acids, either RNA or DNA, and are surrounded by a layer of protein. These are not living organisms, and can reproduce only inside a living cell. Anti-viral drugs decrease the ability of viruses to reproduce. These drugs enter the cells infected with virus, and interfere with the ability of the virus to bind to the cell, and stimulate the immune system of the host.

The arthritis monoclonal antibodies market consists of sales of monoclonal antibodies used for the treatment of arthritis diseases. Arthritis is referred to as the joint pain that is characterized by inflammation, tenderness, pain and stiffness in and around the joints. Different monoclonal antibody drugs are used for the treatment of arthritis. These include infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab. The market consists of revenue generated by the company’s manufacturing monoclonal antibody drugs for arthritis by the sales of these products. The arthritis monoclonal antibodies market covered in this report is segmented by drug into remicade, humira, enbrel, rituxan, orencia, actemra, simponi, cimzia, remsima and by application into rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, fibromyalgia, others. The global arthritis monoclonal antibodies market is expected to grow from $44.82 billion in 2020 to $48.08 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.3%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The arthritis monoclonal antibodies market is expected to reach $62.29 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 7%. The increasing prevalence of arthritis globally has contributed to the growth of the arthritis monoclonal antibody market. According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, the adult percentage of arthritis is 23% in USA which varies by country and osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis followed by gout, fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis. According to WHO, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis varies between 0.3% and 1% and the worldwide estimates of osteoarthritis include 9.6% men and 18% women. The increased prevalence of arthritis and thee demand for personalized medicine is increasing the demand for the arthritis monoclonal antibody market. The high cost of monoclonal antibodies is expected to hamper the global arthritis monoclonal antibody market. According to the American Journal of Managed Care (AJMC), a survey was conducted to know the average price of monoclonal antibodies approved in the last 20 years by the FDA across disease states and found that the average annual price of 1-year treatment for each monoclonal antibody indication was $96,731. The high costs of these antibodies are basically due to the cost incurred in development and production. High costs of monoclonal antibodies are therefore expected to limit the market growth. The development of therapeutic monoclonal antibody products is becoming an indispensable tool in the development of the arthritis monoclonal antibody market. Monoclonal antibodies are more efficient than small molecules and peptides in the treatment of arthritis. These are target specific and has good efficiency for disease treatment. These improved treatment options are evident with the launch of a greater number of monoclonal antibody drugs for arthritis. In May 2020, AbbVie acquired Allergan for $63 billion. AbbVie is a global biopharmaceutical company whose key therapeutic areas include Immunology and Neuroscience. It is now significantly expanding its revenue base and maintaining its position in immunology by acquiring Allergan. Allergan is a global pharmaceutical leader that manufactures devices, biologics, surgical and regenerative medicinal products all across the world. Major players in the arthritis monoclonal antibodies market are Johnson & Johnson, Roche, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, AbbVie Inc., Amgen Inc., Genentech, GSK, AstraZeneca PLC, and Mylan N.V. The regions covered in the arthritis monoclonal antibodies market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the arthritis monoclonal antibodies market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global arthritis monoclonal antibodies market is segmented - 1) By Drug: Remicade, Humira, Enbrel, Rituxan, Orencia, Actemra, Simponi, Cimzia, Remsima 2) By Application: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Fibromyalgia, Others 3) By End-Use: Hopitals, Research Institutes, Others

The anti-thyroid drugs market consists of sales of anti-thyroid drugs and related services which are used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is caused by over production of thyroid hormones in children, adults and pregnant women. Anti-thyroid class of drugs are also called thionamides which block the formation of thyroid hormone from over active thyroid gland. The anti-thyroid drugs market covered in the report is segmented by drug type into thionamides (inhibition of hormone synthesis), iodides (inhibition of hormone release); by route of administration into oral, intravenous, others; by distribution channel into wholesaler/distributors, retail chain, online distribution, others. The global anti-thyroid drugs market is expected to decline from $1.71 billion in 2020 to $1.5 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -12.3%. The decline is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering slowly from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The anti-thyroid drugs market is expected to reach $1.73 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 3.6%. Graves’ disease is one of the direct causes of hyperthyroidism and the incidence of Graves’ disease increasing. In 2018, nearly 384,500 people were suffering from Graves’ disease in the seven major market across the globe and the USA accounted for the highest reported cases with a prevalence of 1.2%. Owing to the rising number of Grave’s disease, people suffering from hyperthyroidism is also increasing. This results in the overall growth in the demand for anti-thyroid drugs thereby driving the market. The anti-thyroid drugs market is being restrained by the side effects of medication used to treat hyperthyroidism condition. There are many side effects associated with the medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. For instance, according to a study it was found that two most commonly used anti-thyroid medications propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI) causes hepatotoxicity and death in children and major abnormalities in the fetus. Associations for thyroid care are launching initiatives to spread more awareness about thyroid disorders, update on the recent treatment methods and other summaries regarding various research on thyroid disorders. In the USA, nearly 60% of population suffering from hyperthyroidism are unaware and remain undiagnosed. To curb these issues, associations including American Thyroid Association (ATA) are making an impact by educating people about thyroid disorders. Similarly, the Thyroid foundation of Canada has also initiated awareness to awaken public interest and awareness about thyroid diseases including hyperthyroidism. Other associations that are launching initiatives and awareness programs include American Academy of Otolaryngology, British Thyroid Foundation among others. Major players in the anti-thyroid drugs market are Mylan N.V., Abbott Laboratories, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Merck & Co. and AbbVie, Inc. The regions covered in the anti-thyroid drugs market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the anti-thyroid drugs market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global anti-thyroid drugs market is segmented - 1) By Drug Type: Thionamides (inhibition of hormone synthesis), Iodides (inhibition of hormone release) 2) By Route of Administration: Oral, Intravenous, Others 3) By Distribution Channel: Wholesaler/Distributors, Retail Chain, Online Distribution, Others

The anti-asthmatics and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) market consists of sales of anti-asthmatics and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) drugs which are used to relieve the frequency of acute attacks of asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and nocturnal awakenings. The class of drugs includes Bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies and combination drugs. The global anti-asthmatics and copd drugs market is expected to grow from $52 billion in 2019 to $77.3 billion in 2020 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 48.8%. The respiratory drugs market witnessed significant growth mainly due to the COVID-19 outbreak. The fact that Covid-19 is essentially a respiratory ailment has boosted the market growth. The market is then expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.7% from 2021 and reach $83.8 billion in 2023. North America was the largest region in the anti-asthmatics and COPD drugs market in 2017. Modifiable risk factors including smoking, lack of physical exercise, and unhealthy eating habits drive the Asthma and COPD drugs market. Even though there is a decreasing trend of smoking prevalence globally, developing countries such as China, India, Indonesia, and Nigeria among others have increasing smoking prevalence. For instance, the number of tobacco smokers is set to increase by 24 million in Indonesia and by 7 million in Nigeria from 2015 to 2025, and more than 40% of global cigarette consumption is concentrated in China. Consumption of fats including saturated fatty acids which is a risk factor for Asthma and COPD is more in high income countries including USA and Europe. According to WHO, in developed countries more than 35% of total energy requirement is derived from fats when compared to <20% in low income countries, and <25% in lower middle income countries. Increasing patent expiration of innovator drugs is restraining the anti-asthamatics and COPD drug market. Due to patent expiration, generic drugs are entering the market which are inexpensive when compared to innovator drugs. For example, patent for Advair Diskus inhaler by GSK has expired in 2016, and many players including Novartis, Hikama, and Mylan are trying to get FDA approval for a generic version of the innovator drug. The use of combination drugs for the treatment of asthma and COPD is increasing. This is due to the greater impact on patient reported outcomes (PROs) compared to monotherapies. For example, combination of short acting beta agonists (SABA) and short acting muscarinic antagnoists (SAMA) are superior compared to either medication alone in improving lung function. The use of combination long acting beta agonists (LABA), and long acting muscarnic antagonists (LAMA) have improved lung function than long acting monotherapy bronchodilators. Many inhalers that do not use chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) are already available for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These products aren`t necessarily """"official"""" direct alternatives to CFC Metered Dose Inhalers, but may in many patients serve as a useful medication that could replace the need for a particular CFC Metered Dose Inhaler. FDA will determine official alternatives by using the criteria established through notice-and-comment rulemaking.

The antidiarrheal drugs market consists of sale of antidiarrheal drugs and related services. Diarrhea is a disease affecting digestive parts of the body such as stomach, large intestine and rectum, esophagus, liver, gallbladder and pancreas and causes loose, watery bowel movements. Loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate are some examples of antidiarrheal drugs. The global antidiarrhoeals market is expected to grow from $0.14 billion in 2020 to $0.19 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 35.7%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $0.26 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 8.2%. Rise in the number of diarrhea cases significantly contributes to the growth of antidiarrheal drugs market. According to UNICEF, diarrhea was the second leading cause of death among children under the age of 5 years that is responsible for killing 760,000 children every year. Increasing number of diarrheal cases increases the demand for antidiarrheal drugs. Increase in the use of biologics medicines poses to be a restraint to the antidiarrheal market. Biologics are medicines derived from living organisms like human beings, animals or other microorganisms using biotechnology and are composed of proteins, sugar, nucleic acids or a combination of each of these substances. Due to their ability to target inaccessible parts using small-molecule therapies, biologics are being preferred over the traditional chemical drugs. This shift is restricting the antidiarrheal drugs market hampering the growth of the market. For example, to treat Crohn’s Disease, antidiarrheal medications were being used previously, but with the advent of biologics, demand for antidiarrheal diseases has subsided. Major companies in the antidiarrheal drug market are merging with other companies in the market to increase their reach and market share. Companies merge with or acquire other companies to expand their market share, diversify their product portfolio, or acquire new technologies. For instance, GlaxoSmithKline agreed to acquire Novartis AG's 36.5% stake in consumer healthcare business for $13 billion with an aim to expand the market. The antidiarrheal drug industry is governed with regulatory frameworks by agencies such as US Food and Drug Administration Agency (FDA). FDA's guidelines for antidiarrheal drugs are mentioned within the CFR's (Code for Federal Regulations) title number 21 under part 335 which gives guidelines for the over the counter (OTC) human use of the antidiarrheal drugs. The subpart C of the regulation focuses on the labelling aspect of such drugs and mandates a statement of identity, which identifies the product is to be used for diarrhea in order to avoid any improper use of the drug. The FDA also regulates the warnings and directions of use of the drugs which are to be printed on cover of these drugs. In March 2020, Arcadia Consumer Healthcare, Inc., a USA based Pharmaceutical company acquired Kaopectate brand from Sanofi for an undisclosed amount. This acquisition enhanced Sanofi’s product portfolio by providing consumers with simple, efficacious, and high-quality solutions. Sanofi, a France based biopharmaceutical company focused on human health. Major players in the market are GlaxoSmithKline, Actelion, Perrigo, Lupin and Glenmark Pharmaceuticals. The countries covered in the global antidiarrhoeals market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, UK, USA, Australia. The regions covered in the global antidiarrhoeals market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global antidiarrhoeals market is segmented - 1) By Drug Class: Mucosal Protectants, Motility Modifying Drugs 2) By Application: Adults, Childrens 3) By Type: OTC drugs, Prescription Drugs

Antiglaucoma Drugs Market Definition

The antiglaucoma drugs market consists of sales of antiglaucoma drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce antiglaucoma drugs to treat glaucoma conditions. Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that lead to damage of the optic nerve of the eye causing blindness and impaired vision. Some of the major drugs include Xalantan, Lumigan, and Travatan among others. The pharmaceutical industry develops drugs to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent diseases. Pharmaceutical drugs are subjected to various laws and regulations that deal with patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and marketing. Antiglaucoma drug manufacturers produce pharmaceutical drugs made from active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients.

The anti-infective drugs market consists of sales of branded and generic anti-infective drugs and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that manufacture branded or generic anti-infective drugs to treat microbial infections. The anti-infective drugs industry includes establishments that manufacture antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, anti-viral drugs to treat viral infections, anti-fungal drugs to treat fungal infections, anti-helminthic drugs to kill internal parasites, and antiprotozoal agents to treat protozoan infections. The anti-infective drugs market is segmented into antibiotics; antivirals; antifungals; and others (anthelminthic, antiprotozoal). The global anti-infective drugs market is expected to decline from $132.16 billion in 2020 to $116.4 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -11.9%. The change in growth trend is mainly due to the companies stabilizing their output after catering to the demand that grew exponentially during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The market is expected to reach $158.29 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 8%. North America was the largest region in the global anti-infective drugs market, accounting for 50% of the market in 2020. Asia Pacific was the second largest region, accounting for 20% of the global anti-infective drugs market. Africa was the smallest region in the global anti-infective drugs market. The anti-infective drugs market is expected to benefit from the latest developments in drug discovery procedures such as stem cells and organ-on-chip (OOC) technologies. OOCs are micro-engineered biometric systems that simulate the activities, mechanics and physiological responses of organ systems. Drug trial processes such as target identification, validation, and screening are being executed through OOC and stem cell technologies. These technologies are considerably reducing the drug discovery costs and generating reliable predictions on drug efficiency and human safety. Another area of development is physiology-simulation modelling, in which the integrated physiology of the human organism, in both health and disease, is simulated through a computer program. Eli Lilly and Pfizer have adopted Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) platform to conduct simulation models in early stages of the drug discovery process that are operational within hours, whereas traditional models take weeks to conduct simulations. The wide adoption of these technologies is expected to drive the anti-infective drugs market in the forecast period. The anti-infective drugs market is expected to be restrained by the increasing number of antimicrobial resistance cases due to growing ineffectiveness of conventional anti-infective drugs such as penicillin. Antimicrobial resistance is the final stage of the adaptation process of microorganisms such as bacteria to the environment developing the ability to resist the effects of anti-infective drugs. This is mainly caused by the overuse and misuse of anti-infective drugs such as antibiotics. The excessive use and misuse of anti-infective drugs increases the rate of the bacteria’s resistance, with an estimated 70% of bacteria ever discovered already being resistant to at least one anti-infective drug which was commonly used to treat them in the past. It is expected that deaths caused by antimicrobial resistance will rise from around 700,000 deaths in 2017 to 10 million deaths by 2050. Increasing incidences of bacteria’s resistance to anti-infective drugs are expected to limit the use of anti-infective drugs, affecting the market’s growth. Anti-infective drug manufacturers are investing in programs to develop drugs to treat drug resistant infections. Antimicrobial resistance is a serious concern to global public health as it resulted in long duration of illness, the requirement of additional tests and use of more expensive drugs. Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi change and adapted to drugs when they are exposed to antimicrobial drugs such as antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, anthelmintics and others. According to World Health Organization (WHO), globally 4, 80,000 people are being affected by multi-drug resistant TB each year and drug resistance is starting to complicate the treatment of malaria and HIV as well. Companies are investing in developing the new drug candidates to treat drug-resistant infections. For instance, in 2018, plazomicin was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of complicated, drug-resistant urinary tract infections. The major players covered in the global anti-infective drugs market are Gilead, Merck & Co, GlaxosmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Johnson & Johnson. The countries covered in the global anti-infective drugs market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. The regions covered in the global anti-infective drugs market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global anti-infective drugs market is segmented - 1) By Type: Antibiotics, Antivirals, Antifungals, Others (Anthelminthic, Antiprotozoal) 2) By Distribution Channel: Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies/ Drug Stores, Others 3) By Route Of Administration: Oral, Parenteral, Others 4) By Drug Classification: Branded Drugs, Generic Drugs 5) By Mode Of Purchase: Prescription-Based Drugs, Over-The-Counter Drugs

Pharmaceuticals Market Definition

The pharmaceuticals market consists of sales of pharmaceuticals and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce pharmaceuticals used in treating diseases. This industry includes establishments that produce biologics and pharmaceutical drugs. The pharmaceutical industry develops drugs to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent diseases, infections, and injuries. Pharmaceuticals are subjected to various laws and regulations that deal with patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and marketing. Pharmaceutical drug manufacturers produce pharmaceutical drugs made from active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and excipients.