1. Executive Summary 1.1. Key Market Insights (2020-2035)
1.2. Visual Dashboard: Market Size, Growth Rate, Hotspots
1.3. Major Factors Driving the Market
1.4. Top Three Trends Shaping the Market
2. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Characteristics
2.1. Market Definition & Scope
2.2. Market Segmentations
2.3. Overview of Key Products and Services
2.4. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Attractiveness Scoring And Analysis
2.4.1. Overview of Market Attractiveness Framework
2.4.2. Quantitative Scoring Methodology
2.4.3. Factor-Wise Evaluation
Growth Potential Analysis, Competitive Dynamics Assessment, Strategic Fit Assessment And Risk Profile Evaluation
2.4.4. Market Attractiveness Scoring and Interpretation
2.4.5. Strategic Implications and Recommendations
3. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Supply Chain Analysis
3.1. Overview of the Supply Chain and Ecosystem
3.2. List Of Key Raw Materials, Resources & Suppliers
3.3. List Of Major Distributors and Channel Partners
3.4. List Of Major End Users
4. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Trends And Strategies
4.1. Key Technologies & Future Trends
4.1.1 Artificial Intelligence & Autonomous Intelligence
4.1.2 Digitalization, Cloud, Big Data & Cybersecurity
4.1.3 Internet Of Things (Iot), Smart Infrastructure & Connected Ecosystems
4.1.4 Industry 4.0 & Intelligent Manufacturing
4.1.5 Autonomous Systems, Robotics & Smart Mobility
4.2. Major Trends
4.2.1 Miniaturization Of Multi-Threat Detection Instruments
4.2.2 Increased Demand For Integrated Cbrne Detection Suites
4.2.3 Shift Toward Rugged, Field-Deployable Analytical Platforms
4.2.4 Growing Outsourcing Of Calibration And Maintenance Services
4.2.5 Rising Adoption Of Real-Time Monitoring In Industrial Environments
5. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Analysis Of End Use Industries
5.1 Defense Forces
5.2 Law Enforcement Agencies
5.3 Fire Departments
5.4 Analytical Laboratories
5.5 Emergency Response Teams
6. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market - Macro Economic Scenario Including The Impact Of Interest Rates, Inflation, Geopolitics, Trade Wars and Tariffs, Supply Chain Impact from Tariff War & Trade Protectionism, And Covid And Recovery On The Market
7. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Strategic Analysis Framework, Current Market Size, Market Comparisons And Growth Rate Analysis
7.1. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments PESTEL Analysis (Political, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal Factors, Drivers and Restraints)
7.2. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Size, Comparisons And Growth Rate Analysis
7.3. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Historic Market Size and Growth, 2020 - 2025, Value ($ Billion)
7.4. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2025 - 2030, 2035F, Value ($ Billion)
8. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Total Addressable Market (TAM) Analysis for the Market
8.1. Definition and Scope of Total Addressable Market (TAM)
8.2. Methodology and Assumptions
8.3. Global Total Addressable Market (TAM) Estimation
8.4. TAM vs. Current Market Size Analysis
8.5. Strategic Insights and Growth Opportunities from TAM Analysis
9. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Segmentation
9.1. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Fixed, Handheld Portable
9.2. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Technology Type, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Gas Chromatography, Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Mass Spectrometry, Raman Spectroscopy
9.3. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Direct Sales, Distributors, Online Sales
9.4. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Environmental Monitoring, Healthcare, Homeland Security, Industrial, Military And Defense
9.5. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Analytical Laboratories, Defense Forces, Fire Departments, Law Enforcement
9.6. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Sub-Segmentation Of Fixed, By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Mounted Detection Units, Stationary Monitoring Systems, Fixed-Site Surveillance Equipment
9.7. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Sub-Segmentation Of Handheld Portable, By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
Handheld Portable Chemical Detectors, Handheld Portable Biological Analyzers, Handheld Portable Radiological Sensors, Handheld Portable Explosive Trace Detectors
10. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Regional And Country Analysis
10.1. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
10.2. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
11. Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
11.1. Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
11.2. Asia-Pacific Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
12. China Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
12.1. China Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
12.2. China Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
13. India Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
13.1. India Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
14. Japan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
14.1. Japan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
14.2. Japan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
15. Australia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
15.1. Australia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
16. Indonesia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
16.1. Indonesia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
17. South Korea Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
17.1. South Korea Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
17.2. South Korea Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
18. Taiwan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
18.1. Taiwan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
18.2. Taiwan Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
19. South East Asia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
19.1. South East Asia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
19.2. South East Asia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
20. Western Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
20.1. Western Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
20.2. Western Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
21. UK Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
21.1. UK Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
22. Germany Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
22.1. Germany Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
23. France Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
23.1. France Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
24. Italy Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
24.1. Italy Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
25. Spain Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
25.1. Spain Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
26. Eastern Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
26.1. Eastern Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
26.2. Eastern Europe Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
27. Russia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
27.1. Russia Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
28. North America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
28.1. North America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
28.2. North America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
29. USA Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
29.1. USA Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
29.2. USA Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
30. Canada Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
30.1. Canada Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Country Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
30.2. Canada Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
31. South America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
31.1. South America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
31.2. South America Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
32. Brazil Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
32.1. Brazil Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
33. Middle East Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
33.1. Middle East Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
33.2. Middle East Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
34. Africa Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
34.1. Africa Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Overview
Region Information, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
34.2. Africa Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market, Segmentation By Type, Segmentation By Technology Type, Segmentation By Sales Channel, Historic and Forecast, 2020-2025, 2025-2030F, 2035F, $ Billion
35. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Regulatory and Investment Landscape
36. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles
36.1. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Competitive Landscape And Market Share 2024
36.1.1. Top 10 Companies (Ranked by revenue/share)
36.2. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market - Company Scoring Matrix
36.2.1. Market Revenues
36.2.2. Product Innovation Score
36.2.3. Brand Recognition
36.3. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Company Profiles
36.3.1. Industrial Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
36.3.2. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
36.3.3. Honeywell International Inc. Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
36.3.4. 3M Company Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
36.3.5. Thales Group Overview, Products and Services, Strategy and Financial Analysis
37. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Other Major And Innovative Companies
Leidos Holdings Inc., Rheinmetall AG, Agilent Technologies, Battelle Memorial Institute, Teledyne Technologies Inc., SAAB AB, Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA, Smiths Group PLC, Bruker Corporation, Hach Chemical Company, Chemring Group PLC, Kromek Group plc, Bertin Technologies, Kärcher Futuretech GmbH, Morphix Technologies
38. Global Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market Competitive Benchmarking And Dashboard
39. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market
40. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market High Potential Countries, Segments and Strategies
40.1 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market In 2030 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
40.2 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market In 2030 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
40.3 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, And Explosive (CBRNE) Threat Detection Instruments Market In 2030 - Growth Strategies
40.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
40.3.2 Competitor Strategies
41. Appendix
41.1. Abbreviations
41.2. Currencies
41.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
41.4. Research Inquiries
41.5. The Business Research Company
41.6. Copyright And Disclaimer