Fossil Fuel Electricity Global Market Report 2023 – By Fuel Type (Coal, Oil, Natural Gas), By EndUser (Residential, Commercial, Industrial) – Market Size, Trends, And Global Forecast 2023-2032

Power Generation Market Definition

The power generation market consists of sales of electric power by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that operate electric power generation facilities. These facilities generate electric power using various forms of energy, such as fossil fuels, nuclear, solar, wind and water. The establishments in this industry produce electrical energy and provide electricity to electric power transmission and distribution systems. Power generation refers to the creation of energy utilizing many types of technology, some of which are over a century old, such as steam boilers, and others which are newer, such as wind turbines. Steam boilers and windmills, on the other hand, are much older. They were originally designed to move machines and crush grain, and they still do so today, but they're now primarily used to generate power. It is the process of generating electricity or the amount of electricity generated by converting various types of energy into electricity; often stated in kilowatt-hours (kWh) or megawatt-hours (MWh).

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock with a high amount of carbon and hydrocarbons, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Lignite is a soft, brown lowest grade coal with the least concentration of carbon that formed from naturally compressed peat. Anthracite is a hard black coal variety that has the highest carbon content with fewest impurities and burns with little flame and smoke. The main types are coal, lignite, and anthracite. Anthracite is submetallic luster coal that is hard and compact. It is the highest-ranking of coal as it has the highest carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest energy density of all types of coal. The various mining technologies used include surface mining and underground mining by large enterprises, small and medium enterprises. The end-user industry of coal, lignite, and anthracite are electricity, steel, cement, and others. The global coal, lignite, and anthracite market is segmented - 1) By Type: Coal, Lignite, Anthracite 2) By End-User Industry: Electricity, Steel, Cement, Other End-User Industries 3) By Mining Technology: Surface Mining, Underground Mining 4) By Organisation Size: Large Enterprises, Small And Medium Enterprises Subsegments Covered: Bituminous Coal, Sub-Bituminous Coal The global coal, lignite, and anthracite market size grew from $837.72 billion in 2022 to $847 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.1%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The coal, lignite, and anthracite market is expected to grow to $873.6 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 0.8%. The increasing share of coal in power generation in some countries is expected to drive the coal market. About 20 countries are turning to coal for power generation, including nine in Africa (Democratic Republic Congo, Egypt, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambic, Niger, Senegal and Tanzania), three in Central America (Dominican Republic, Panama, and Salvador), two in the Middle East (the UAE and Jordan) and three in Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia and Myanmar). By 2025, more than 65 coal-fired power plants could be commissioned in these countries, representing a capacity of 50 GW. Significant increases in coal use are also expected in Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia. Countries such as China, India and Indonesia, where electricity is produced primarily from coal, will significantly reduce the share of coal in their power mix, but not below 35%, due to the abundance of domestic coal reserves and their economic attractiveness. The continued demand for coal in power generation globally and the increasing share of coal in power generation in some countries will drive the coal market going forward. Major companies in the coal, lignite, and anthracite market include China Shenhua Energy Company Limited, Glencore International, China Coal Energy Company Limited, Coal India Ltd., Shaanxi Coal Industry Company Limited, Yanzhou Coal Mining Co Ltd., BHP Group, Coal & Allied Industries, Anglo American plc and Yangquan Coal Industry Group. Negative environmental impacts of coal will push coal end users to shift to alternative sources going forward. Coal-fired power plants are the largest individual sources of climate pollution. They are globally responsible for more than 70% of CO2 emissions in the power generation industry, this is expected to restrain the growth of coal mines. Coal burning also leads to the death of about 3.5 million people annually from air pollution. According to the IMF, global coal's combined external costs and damages to health, land, water, and nature are estimated at about EUR 3 trillion ($3.3 trillion) annually, which is equivalent to 4% of global GDP. The environmental impacts of coal will act as a restraint on the coal, lignite, and anthracite mining market Coal mining companies are using 3D mine visualizers to obtain a real-time digital model of a mine. A 3D mine visualizer generates a three-dimensional model of the mine layout and transfers it directly to the operator. With a web-based interface, information about the model is available with any connected device. It offers full record and playback capabilities in 3D thus allowing operators to review and analyze historical data in order to improve productivity and identify best practices. 3D mine visualizers significantly enhance the productivity of large mining environments. It is a valuable tool in operations planning, analyzing problematic areas, and tracking mine development over time. Companies such as Sandvik and Komatsu are offering 3D visualizer systems. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the coal, lignite, and anthracite market in 2022. Eastern Europe was the second largest region in of the coal, lignite, and anthracite market. The regions covered in the coal, lignite, and anthracite market analysis are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the coal, lignite, and anthracite market report are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Ukraine, and Iran. The coal, lignite, and anthracite market consist of sales of bituminous, anthracite, and lignite coal by underground mining, strip mining, culm bank mining, and other surface mining techniques. It also includes industries that mine lignite coal by underground mining, strip mining, culm bank mining, and other surface mining techniques. It also includes the development of coal mine sites, and improvement of coal, including cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing of coal. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The coal, lignite, and anthracite market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides coal, lignite, and anthracite market statistics, including coal, lignite, and anthracite industry, global coal, lignite, and anthracite market size, regional coal, lignite, and anthracite market shares, competitors with a coal, lignite, and anthracite market share, detailed coal, lignite, and anthracite market segments, coal, lignite, and anthracite market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the coal, lignite, and anthracite industry. This coal, lignite, and anthracite market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Fossil fuel electricity refers to electricity generated from establishments through the use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas as energy sources. Fossil fuels are buried combustible geologic deposits of organic materials, formed from decayed plants and animals, that have been converted to crude oil, coal, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust. The main types of fuel in fossil fuel electricity are coal, oil, and natural gas. Coal is a flammable black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is found in the form of coal seams. Coal is referred to as a fossil fuel because it is generated from once-living plants. The different sectors include residential, commercial, and industrial. The global fossil fuel electricity market is segmented - 1) By Fuel Type: Coal, Oil, Natural Gas 2) By End-User: Residential, Commercial, Industrial The global fossil fuel electricity market size will grow from $988.95 billion in 2022 to $1,050.29 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of the global fossil fuel electricity is expected to grow to $1,313.7 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 5.8%. The growing demand for electricity is expected to be a key driver of the fossil fuel electricity market in the forecast period. This can be attributed to growing economies and a rising population, especially in developing countries such as China, India, Brazil, and some African countries. According to the International Energy Agency (2019), global electricity demand rises at 2.1% per year by 2040, twice the rate of primary energy demand. This raises electricity’s share in total final power consumption from 19% in 2018 to 24% in 2040. Both China and India will account for a major portion of this growth. According to government data, India's energy consumption increased 13.38 percent to 110.94 billion units (BU) in October 2020, mainly driven by buoyancy in industrial and commercial activities. Furthermore, the global household appliances market is expected to grow to $396 billion by 2022, supporting the demand for electricity and driving the fossil fuel electricity market growth. Major players in the fossil fuel electricity market are Iberdrola SA, Huaneng Power International Inc., Engie SA, Enel SpA, State Power Investment Corporation Limited., AGL Energy Limited, Origin Energy Limited, EnergyAustralia Holdings Limited, Stanwell Corporation Limited, American Electric Power, Duke Energy, Southern Company, China Energy, China Power, NTPC, SSE, and Tokyo Electric Power Company. Governments globally are implementing regulations to reduce fossil fuel electricity due to rising environmental concerns. Fossil fuel power plants are major sources of toxic pollutants such as mercury, sulfur dioxide, and carbon emissions. Power generation accounts for about 40% of carbon emissions produced by the energy sector, or 25% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Regulatory bodies are enforcing stringent regulations on thermal power generation to control harmful effects on the environment. Regulations such as these are expected to increase the cost of procuring cheaper fossil fuel-based power, acting as a restraint on the fossil fuel electricity market. Governments globally are increasingly supporting the adoption of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology across industries, including power generation. CCS withholds up to 90% of the carbon dioxide emissions produced by burning fossil fuels from entering the atmosphere. In CCS, carbon dioxide is first isolated from gases produced in power generation. It is then transported to be stored safely. The ADM Illinois Industrial Carbon Capture & Storage (ICCS) Project, for instance, isolates carbon dioxide from an ethanol manufacturing facility and stores it in a nearby deep saline formation, storing an estimated 1.1 million tonnes of carbon dioxide a year. In August 2021, ArcLight Capital Partners, LLC, a US-based company that focuses on energy infrastructure investments, acquired the 6,750 MW fossil-fuel plant portfolio of Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG) for $1.92 billion. This acquisition is part of ArcLight Capital Partners LLC's growth into a clean energy infrastructure firm, which will help them achieve their goal of a low-carbon economy. Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG) is a US-based electric services company that offers fossil-fuel electricity. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the fossil fuel electricity market in 2022. Western Europe was the second-largest region in the global fossil fuel electricity market share. The regions covered in the global fossil fuel electricity market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the fossil fuel electricity market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, UK, USA, and Australia. The fossil fuel electricity market includes revenues earned by entities by gas turbines, Diesel engines, and Spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering. Only goods and services traded between entities or sold to end consumers are included. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The fossil fuel electricity market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides fossil fuel electricity market statistics, including fossil fuel electricity industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a fossil fuel electricity market share, detailed fossil fuel electricity market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the fossil fuel electricity industry. This fossil fuel electricity market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Industrial alcohol is employed in the production of vaccinations, compound tonics, syrups, tinctures, liniments, and antiseptics, as well as medications such as chloroform, atabrine, and barbiturates. Industrial alcohol refers to distilled ethyl alcohol used in industrial applications. It is majorly used as a primary raw material in the production of chemical compounds such as acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, and others. The main type of industrial alcohol includes isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol. Isopropyl alcohol is used as an ingredient in various cosmetics and medicinal preparations for external use. Isopropyl alcohol is an isomer of propyl alcohol and a homologue of ethyl alcohol, with properties similar to it when used externally but more toxic when consumed internally. The method used is in the manufacturing of industrial alcohol includes fermentation and synthetic. They are sourced from molasses, sugar, grains, and fossil fuels. The application of industrial alcohol includes fuel, chemical intermediates and solvent, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and food ingredients. The global industrial alcohol market is segmented - 1) By Type: Isopropyl Alcohol, Methyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, Isobutyl Alcohol, Benzyl Alcohol 2) By Source: Molasses, Sugar, Grains, Fossil Fuels 3) By Processing Method: Fermentation, Synthetic 4) By Application: Fuel, Chemical Intermediates & Solvent, Pharmaceuticals, Personal care products, Food Ingredients The global industrial alcohol market size grew from $143.77 billion in 2022 to $160.49 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.6%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services, and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of the industrial alcohol market is expected to grow to $247.16 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 11.4%. The increasing demand for biofuels among end-users is significantly contributing to the growth of the industrial alcohol market going forward. Biofuel is a renewable energy source made from microbial, plant, or animal waste. Global energy consumption is predicted to rise significantly in the next years, and it is widely acknowledged that alternative, sustainable methods to meet those requirements must be developed. Ethanol is also called distilled alcohol or industrial alcohol which is a renewable fuel that is used significantly for the production of biofuel. Ethanol is an alcohol that is also used in gasoline as a blending ingredient to boost octane and reduce carbon monoxide and other smog-causing pollutants to minimize air pollution. For instance, currently, 98% of gasoline in the United States contains ethanol, often E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline). Therefore, increasing demand for biofuels is expected to boost demand for industrial alcohol during the forecast period. Major players in the industrial alcohol market are Cargill Incorporated, Cristalco, Raizen Energia, MGP Ingredients, Green Plains Inc., Sigma-Aldrich, Grain Millers Inc., The Andersons Inc., Flint Hills Resources, Royal Dutch Shell PLC., Exxon Mobil Corporation, Univar Solutions, BASF, and Birla Sugar. Technological advancements are the key trend gaining popularity in the industrial alcohol market. The manufacturer of industrial alcohol is using advanced technology for fast and sustainable production. New and advanced ethanol manufacturing technology is being developed with easy compatibility with the existing processes without much capital expenditure. For instance, in 2021, Arkansas Company added green to the ethanol manufacturing process after receiving funding for technology development. The new novel catalytic membrane technology can be fine-tuned to take corn fiber, a byproduct of the corn-to-ethanol process, and convert it into sugars suitable for ethanol production. In March 2020, MGP Ingredients, Inc., a US-based provider of premium distilled spirits and specialized wheat proteins and starches acquired New Columbia Distillers LLC for an undisclosed amount. With the acquisition, MGP Ingredients is focused on expanding its operational capabilities and market presence across the globe. New Columbia Distillers LLC is a US-based producer of distilled alcohol. North America was the largest region in the industrial alcohol market in 2022. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the industrial alcohol market share report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the industrial alcohol market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The industrial alcohol market consists of sales of propanol and denatured ethanol. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The industrial alcohol market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides industrial alcohol market statistics, including industrial alcohol industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with an industrial alcohol market share, detailed industrial alcohol market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the industrial alcohol industry. This industrial alcohol market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Mining is the process of extraction of minerals, metals and other valuable materials from the earth. The main types of mining are mining support activities, general minerals, stones, copper, nickel, lead, zInc., metal ore, coal, lignite, and anthracite. General minerals include mine construction sand and gravel, industrial sand, kaolin and ball clay, clay and ceramic and refractory minerals, potash, soda and borate mineral, phosphate rock, or other chemical and fertilizer minerals mining. The various processes used for mining are underground mining and surface mining. The different service providers include independent contractors and companies. The global mining market is segmented - 1) By Type: Mining Support Activities, General Minerals, Stones, Copper, Nickel, Lead, And Zinc, Metal Ore, Coal, Lignite, And Anthracite 2) By Process: Underground Mining, Surface Mining 3) By Service Provider: Independent Contractors, Companies Subsegments Covered: Coal Mining Support Activities, Metal Mining Support Activities, Nonmetallic Minerals Mining Support Activities, Other General Minerals, Potash, Salt, Magnesite, Sulfur, Kaolin, Asbestos, Feldspar, Boron, Gypsum, Talc, Graphite, Baryte, Bentonite, Diatomite, Lithium, Selenium, Perlite, Vermiculite, Arsenic, Diamond,, Dimension Stones, Crushed Stones, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Nickel, Gold Ore, Iron Ore, All Other Metal Ores, Silver Ore, Uranium Ore, Vanadium Ore, Coal, Lignite, Anthracite The global mining market size grew from $2022.6 billion in 2022 to $2145.15 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.1%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The mining market is expected to grow to $2775.5 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 6.7%. Government policies to support the mining industry is expected to drive the mining market. Governments are providing subsidies and encouraging foreign direct investments (FDI) in the mining industry. The amount of government support includes the support through governments' public finance institutions such as bilateral development banks and export credit agencies investing in mining projects, fiscal support through budget allocations and tax exemptions, and investments through majority state-owned mining and utility companies. For instance, in 2021, the Ministry of mines of the Government of India, enacted the Mines and Minerals Amendment Act 2021, and published The Mineral Conservation and Development Rules to facilitate the growth of Mining industry in India and to regulate the industry. These government policies will continue to support the growth of the mining market. Major companies in the mining market include BHP Group, Vale S.A., Rio Tinto, Glencore International, Anglo American plc, China Shenhua Energy Company Limited, China Coal Energy Company Limited, The Metallurgical Corp of China, Coal India Ltd and Corporacion Nacional del Cobre de Chile. Power generation companies are increasingly using alternate sources of energy such as natural gas, nuclear power, and renewable to produce clean and sustainable electricity. The decreasing cost of installation of renewable sources of energy is also driving the use of these sources for power generation. This is expected to act as a restraint on the demand for coal in power generation. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), coal's share of the total world energy consumption is expected to decline from 22% in 2040. Renewable is expected to be the fastest growing energy source, with their consumption increasing at an average rate of 2.3% per year till 2040. The continuous shift to alternative sources for power generation will restrain the mining market. The use of renewable energy is helping mining companies reduce power costs and control emissions in the mines. As the solar or wind projects are built close to the mine sites, the cost of connecting to the power grid is also reduced. Site-appropriate renewable energy sources are reliable, consistent, and also economical. BHP and RioTinto have started using renewable energy sources in their mines. According to a report published by EY, RioTinto aims to generate 10% of 20MW – 25MW power demand from renewable energy in one of their mines and expects to reduce its diesel use by approximately 4 million liters, and its CO2 emissions by 12,000 tons. Also, in 2020, Rio Tinto approved the development of a large-scale solar photovoltaic and battery storage system for its western Australian Koodaideri mine. The solar plant will be one of Australia's largest photovoltaic installations at a mining site once completed. According to a report by Fitch Solutions, renewable energy used by mining companies from various sources include 57% solar thermal, 37% of solar PV, and 4% of wind energy. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the mining market in 2022. North America was the second largest region in the mining market. The regions covered in the mining market analysis are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the mining market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Ukraine, and Iran. The mining market consists of sales of minerals, metals and other valuable materials such as sand and gravel, coal and stone extracted from the earth crust. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The mining market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides mining market statistics, including mining industry, global mining market size, regional shares, competitors with a mining market share, detailed mining market segments, market trends, and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the mining industry. This mining market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Toluene is a colorless flammable liquid obtained from coal tar or petroleum. It is used in aviation fuel and other high-octane fuels, dyestuffs, and explosives. Toluene is also used as a solvent for gums and lacquers. The main types of toluene market are benzene and xylene, solvents, gasoline additives, TDI (toluene diisocyanate), trinitrotoluene, benzoic acid, and benzaldehyde. Benzoic acid is a white crystalline acid C6H5COOH that can be found naturally or synthesized. It is primarily used as a food preservative, an antifungal agent in pharmaceuticals, and in organic synthesis. The production processes are the reformation process, pig’s process, coke/coal process, and styrene process. The various applications are drugs, dyes, blending, cosmetic nail products, and other applications (TNT, pesticides, and fertilizers). The end-use industries are building and construction; automotive; oil and gas; and consumer appliances. The global toluene market is segmented - 1) By Type: Benzene and Xylene, Solvents, Gasoline Additives, TDI (Toluene diisocyanate), Trinitrotoluene, Benzoic acid, Benzaldehyde 2) By Production Process: Reformation Process, Pigs Process, Coke/Coal Process, Styrene Process 3) By Application: Drugs, Dyes, Blending, Cosmetic Nail Products, Other Applications (TNT, Pesticides, and Fertilizers) 4) By End User Industry: Building and Construction, Automotive, Oil and Gas, Consumer Appliances The global toluene market size will grow from $29.24 billion in 2022 to $29.89 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.2%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of global toluene is expected to grow from $32.81 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 2.4%. The emerging demand for aromatics in the petrochemical industry has contributed to the growth of the toluene market. Aromatics are petroleum-derived forms of hydrocarbons, composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen elements. Toluene is a common aromatic, used as a chemical feedstock, solvent, and fuel additive in the chemical industry. To cater to the growing demand, companies are investing in expanding their production capacity. For instance, in June 2020, Ineos, a UK-based chemicals company bought chemical unit (aromatics and acetyls business) of BP PLC., a UK-based oil and gas company for $5 billion along with its BP's Cooper River petrochemical plant in South Carolina among other facilities. This will enhance the production capacity of aromatics to cater to the market demand. Therefore, the growing demand for aromatics in end-use industries is driving the toluene market. Major players in the toluene market are Exxon Mobil Corporation, Sinopec, Royal Dutch Shell PLC., Reliance Industries, BASF SE, Valero Energy, BP Chemicals, China National Petroleum, Mitsui Chemicals, Chevron Phillips, and Nova Chemicals. Fluctuations in crude oil prices have always been a major challenge in the toluene market as selected fractions of petroleum are used as raw materials for producing toluene. Toluene prices are constantly changing owing to factors such as instability in the prices of crude oil and variations in demand and supply. For instance, according to the annual energy outlook 2021 report by the US Energy Information Administration, a principal agency responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating energy information, the average Brent crude prices are expected to be at $61/bbl (barrel) in 2025, and $73/bbl in 2030. This rise will increase the operating expenses and thereby impact the growth of the toluene market. Toluene di-isocyanate is increasingly being used as a raw material in the manufacturing of flexible foam applications. Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) is a chemical used in polyurethane production, especially in flexible foam applications such as furniture and bedding, and also in packaging applications. According to 'The Furnishing Report' in the UK, toluene di-isocyanate is one of the main ingredients used in the manufacturing of flexible polyurethane foams, one of the key components used in the UK furniture manufacturing industry. Increasing the use of toluene di-isocyanate will contribute to the growth of the market. In August 2021, LANXESS, a German specialty chemicals company acquired Emerald Kalama Chemical for $1.04 billion. The acquisition will boost the growth of LANXESS and strengthens its position in the market. Emerald Kalama Chemical is a US-based chemicals company that also processes toluene into chemicals for food, flavor, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the toluene market in 2022. Middle East was the second-largest region in the toluene market report. The regions covered in the toluene analysis report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the toluene market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, the UK, the USA, and Australia. The toluene market consists of the sales of toluene used for glues, paints, paint thinners, printing ink, rubber, leather tanners, and silicone sealants. Values in this market are factory gate values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The toluene market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides toluene market statistics, including toluene industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a toluene market share, detailed toluene market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the toluene industry. This toluene market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Oil and Gas extraction is the exploration and production of petroleum and natural gas from wells. The main types are oil & gas upstream activities, oil downstream products. Oil and gas upstream activities include exploration activities, such as creating geological surveys and obtaining land rights and production activities, such as onshore and offshore drilling. The various drilling types include offshore; onshore that are used for residential, commercial, institutions and other applications. The global oil and gas market is segmented - 1) By Type: Oil & Gas Upstream Activities, Oil Downstream Products 2) By Drilling Type: Offshore, Onshore 3) By Application: Residential, Commercial, Institutions, Other Applications Subsegments Covered: Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Oil And Gas Wells Drilling Services, Oil And Gas Supporting Activities, Refined Petroleum Products, Asphalt, Lubricating Oil And Grease The global oil and gas market size grew from $6,989.65 billion in 2022 to $7,330.80 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.9%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of global oil and gas market is expected to grow to $8,670.91 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 4.3%. Low interest rates in most developed countries will positively impact the oil and gas industry during the forecast period. For instance, in March 2020, UK decreased the interest rates to 0,1% which was the lowest ever. Furthermore, other central banks of countries such as North Macedonia, South Africa, Malaysia, Kenya, Argentina, Ukraine, Sri Lanka, and Azerbaijan, as well as Turkey also decreased their interest rates in 2020. Major companies in the oil and gas market include Royal Dutch Shell, BP plc, Saudi Aramco, Exxon Mobil, Gazprom PAO, Chevron, Iraq Ministry of Oil, PJSC Lukoil, Total SA, and Rosneft. Oil price volatility is likely to have a negative impact on the market as significant decline and increase in oil prices negatively impacts the government and consumer spending. The decline in oil prices is having a negative impact on government spending in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Nigeria and the UAE (United Arab Emirates) which are largely dependent on revenues generated through crude oil exports; whereas significant increase in oil prices had resulted in rising inflation, current account deficit and fiscal deficit in countries such as India and China, which predominantly import oil. For instance, the Saudi government is expected to cut down its spending from 1.05 trillion riyals ($280 billion) in 2019 to 1.02 trillion riyals ($270 billion) in 2020, to 955 billion riyals ($255 billion) by 2022, due to significant decline in revenues generated from oil exports, thereby affecting the market. This high volatility in oil prices is expected to negatively impact the market going forward. Major companies in the oil and gas industry are looking into big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance decisions making abilities and thus drive profits. The companies in this industry gather huge amounts of raw data relating to the working of refineries, pipelines and other infrastructure through a large number of sensors placed across the oil rig. Using big data analytics, the companies can detect patterns which can allow them to quickly react to unwanted changes or potential defects, thus saving costs. AI allows the companies to take better drilling and operational decisions. Companies such as ExxonMobil and Shell have been increasingly investing in AI technology to have a centralized method of data management and support data integration across multiple applications. Other companies such as Sinopec, a Chinese chemical and petroleum corporation, has announced its decision to construct 10 intelligent centers to help in reducing operation costs by 20%. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the oil and gas market share in 2022. North America was the second largest region in the oil and gas market. The regions covered in the global oil and gas market analysis report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the oil and gas market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela and Vietnam. The oil and gas market consists of sales of crude oil, natural gas, refined petroleum products and asphalt, lubricating oil and grease. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The oil and gas market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides oil and gas market statistics, including oil and gas industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a oil and gas market share, detailed oil and gas market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the oil and gas industry. This oil and gas market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The fossil fuel electric power generation market consists of sales of fossil fuel electric power and related services that convert fossil fuels into electrical energy and operate electric power generation facilities. The fossil fuel electric power generation industry includes establishments that produce electricity through the use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas as energy sources. Fossil fuels are buried combustible geologic deposits of organic materials, formed from decayed plants and animals that have been converted to crude oil, coal, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth`s crust.