Styrene-Petrochemicals Global Market Report 2023 – By Type (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Expanded polystyrene (EPS), Other Types), By Application (Automotive, Construction, Packaging consumer goods, Other Applications), By Distribution Channel (Offline, Online) – Market Size, Trends, And Global Forecast 2023-2032

The petrochemicals refer to distinct chemicals made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons that are used for commercial purposes. The petrochemicals are also made from other fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and renewable sources such as maize, sugar cane, or palm fruit. The main types of petrochemicals are ethylene-petrochemicals, propylene-petrochemicals, benzene-petrochemicals, xylene, styrene-petrochemicals, toluene, cumene, and other types of petrochemicals. Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon existing in three isomeric forms, all three being colorless flammable volatile liquids used as solvents and for the manufacturing of synthetic resins, dyes, and insecticides such as dimethylbenzene. The applications are polymers, paints and coatings, solvents, rubber, adhesives and sealants, surfactants, pigments and dyes, fibers and fabrics, and other applications. The end-user industries are construction, packaging, automotive and transportation, healthcare, electrical and electronics, and other end-user industries. The global petrochemicals market is segmented - 1) By Type: Ethylene-Petrochemicals, Propylene-Petrochemicals, Benzene-Petrochemicals, Xylene, Styrene-Petrochemicals, Toluene, Cumene, Other Petrochemicals 2) By Application: Polymers, Paints & Coatings, Solvents, Rubber, Adhesives & Sealants, Surfactants, Pigments & Dyes, Fibers & Fabrics, Other Applications 3) By End User Industry: Construction, Packaging, Automotive & Transportation, Healthcare, Electrical & Electronics, Other End-User Industries The global petrochemicals market grew from $671.57 billion in 2022 to $693.3 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.2%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The petrochemicals market is expected to grow to $786.74 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 3.2%. The petrochemicals market is expected to benefit from growth in the automobile industry during the forecast period. There is a drive for the production of automobiles, which is leading to an increase in demand for petrochemical products that are used in the manufacturing of brake parts, radiators, and other components. For instance, according to an estimation by Goldman Sachs, a US-based investment banking company, the global sales of new cars in emerging markets is expected to increase from 68 million in 2020 to 78 million by 2025. Thus, the growth of automobiles is expected to increase the demand for petrochemicals during the forecast period. Major companies in the petrochemicals market include JXTG Holdings Inc., Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Sinopec Limited, Royal Dutch Shell, Reliance Industries Limited, LG Chem Ltd., Guardian Industries LLC, Odebrecht Engenharia E Construcao Sa, Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corp, and BASF SE. Oil price volatility is likely to have a negative impact on the petrochemicals market as significant declines and increases in oil prices negatively impact government and consumer spending. The decline in oil prices is having a negative impact on government spending in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, and the UAE (United Arab Emirates), which are largely dependent on revenues generated through crude oil exports, whereas a significant increase in oil prices has resulted in a spurt in inflation, current account deficit, and fiscal deficit in countries such as India and China, which predominantly import oil. For instance, the Saudi government is expected to cut down its spending from 1.05 trillion riyals ($280 billion) in 2019 to 1.02 trillion riyals ($270 billion) in 2020 and to 955 billion riyals ($255 billion) by 2022 due to a significant decline in revenues generated from oil exports, thereby affecting the market. This -high volatility in the oil process is further expected to negatively impact the market going forward. Many petrochemical manufacturers are adopting IoT (Internet of Things) technologies to connect equipment and smart devices to obtain real-time insights and identify inefficiencies in the manufacturing process. The data obtained is processed, analyzed, and interpreted by plant managers and senior-level management to improve quality and achieve optimum production levels. For example, smart systems give information on the working condition and performance of chemical reactors with embedded software and analytics tools to notify plant operators and managers of possible machine breakdowns. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the petrochemicals market in 2022. Middle East was the second largest region in the petrochemicals market. The regions covered in the petrochemicals report market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the petrochemicals market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, Ukraine, USA, and Vietnam. The petrochemicals market consists of the sales of aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, inorganic compounds, and synthesis gas. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The petrochemicals market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides petrochemicals market statistics, including petrochemicals industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a petrochemicals market share, detailed petrochemicals market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the petrochemicals industry. This petrochemicals market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Propylene petrochemical is a basic versatile chemical as ethylene used in the manufacture of common household items. Propylene is a component of the addition polymer poly (propane), and it is also used in the production of epoxy propane and propanol. The main types of propylene petrochemicals are homopolymers and copolymers. A homopolymer is a polymer like polyethylene consisting of identical monomer units. The various applications are injection molding, fiber and raffia, film and sheet, and blow molding. The end-user industries are automotive, construction, packaging, textiles, and other end-user industries. The global propylene-petrochemicals market is segmented - 1) By Type: Homopolymer, Copolymer 2) By Application: Injection Molding, Fiber & Raffia, Film & Sheet, Blow Molding 3) By End User Industry: Automotive, Construction, Packaging, Textile, Other End-Use Industries The global propylene-petrochemicals market size will grow from $104.04 billion in 2022 to $107.4 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.2%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of global propylene-petrochemicals is expected to grow from $121.74 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 3.2%. The propylene market is expected to benefit from growth in the automobile industry during the forecast period. Polypropylene is a polymer produced from the propylene monomer which is used in the automobile industry. Large-scale production of automobiles is leading to an increase in demand for polypropylene products, which are used in the manufacturing of battery cases and trays, bumpers, interior trim, instrument panels, fender liners, door trims, and other components. For instance, according to an estimation by Goldman Sachs, a US-based investment banking company, the global sales of new cars in emerging markets is expected to increase from 68 million in 2020 to 78 million by 2025. Thus, increased use of plastics in automobiles is expected to increase the demand for propylene during the forecast period. Major players in the propylene-petrochemicals market are AGC Chemicals, Archer Daniels Midland Company, Asahi Kasei Corporation, BASF SE, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC), China Petrochemical Corporation, Dangote Industries Ltd., Eni SpA, Enterprise Products Partners L.P., and Exxon Mobil Corporation. Stringent safety regulations associated with the manufacture and transportation of propylene were a significant market restraint. Propylene is highly inflammable, toxic, and hazardous when exposed to extreme temperatures and pressures. Propylene suppliers should invest in equipment, technologies, and processes to limit the toxic levels and chemical concentrations. These regulations increased the operating costs of companies in the propylene industry, thus limiting the scope for investments relating to the launch of new products and expansion into new markets, thereby affecting the market growth. Petrochemical companies are adopting on-purpose propylene production technologies to produce propylene as a sole product but not as an alternate or co-product. On-purpose propylene technology refers to a modified version of the traditional fluid catalytic cracking unit which increases propylene yield by 20% more than the actual output. Traditional sources for propylene, which include steam crackers and oil refineries, yield fewer propylene as a derivative or co-product due to a shift in feedstocks from naphtha to ethane. To meet the increased demand for propylene, petrochemical companies are investing in developing on-purpose technologies to accelerate the shortfall in propylene production. Major on-purpose technologies include propane dehydrogenation, methanol-to-olefins/methanol-to-propylene (MTO/MTP), high-severity fluidized catalytic cracking (HS-FCC), coal-to-olefins/coal-to-propylene (CTO/CTP), and gas-to-olefins (GTO). For Instance, major companies adopting this technology include, BASF, Dow Chemical, ExxonMobil Chemical, and Sidi Kerir Petrochemicals Co (SIDPEC). In January 2022, Invista, a US-based fiber, resin and intermediates company acquired propylene business of Flint Hills Resources for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition includes chemical facilities in Houston and Longview, Texas, ownership of pipelines that supply facilities, and support employees. The The transaction expanded Invista's portfolio and allowed for future growth. Flint Hills Resources is an American refining company. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the propylene-petrochemical market in 2022. Middle East was the second-largest region in the global propylene-petrochemicals market. The regions covered in the global propylene-petrochemical report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the propylene-petrochemicals market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, the UK, the USA, and Australia. The propylene petrochemical market consists of the sales of propylene petrochemicals used in the production of acrylics, rubbing alcohol, epoxy glue, and carpets. Values in this market are factory gate values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The propylene-petrochemical market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides propylene-petrochemical market statistics, including propylene-petrochemical industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a propylene-petrochemical market share, detailed propylene-petrochemical market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the propylene-petrochemical industry. This propylene-petrochemical market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Ethylene petrochemical refers to an acyclic hydrocarbon which is a colorless, flammable gas with a faint sweet and musky odor when its pure. It is the simplest alkene widely used in industry and is also a plant hormone. The main feedstocks of ethylene-petrochemicals are naphtha, ethane, propane, butane, and other feedstocks. Ethane is defined as an odorless, gaseous, and colorless hydrocarbon compound. Ethane is considered to be the simplest hydrocarbon compound containing a single carbon-carbon bond. The various applications of ethylene include polyethylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene benzene, ethylene dichloride, vinyl acetate, and alpha-olefins. The main end-use industries in which ethylene is used are packaging, automotive, construction, agrochemicals, and textiles. The global ethylene-petrochemicals market is segmented - 1) By Feedstock: Naphtha, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Other Feedstocks 2) By Application: Polyethylene, Ethylene oxide, Ethylene benzene, Ethylene dichloride, Vinyl Acetate, Alpha Olefins 3) By End User Industry: Packaging, Automotive, Construction, Agrochemical, Textile The global ethylene-petrochemicals market size will grow from $102.91 billion in 2022 to $105.71 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.7%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of the ethylene-petrochemicals is expected to grow from $117.93 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 2.8%. During the historic period, increased demand for polythene products contributed to the ethylene-petrochemicals market’s growth. Ethylene is mainly used in polyethylene products such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). The polyethylene market has grown substantially due to the increased demand for plastic across the globe. The high penetration of plastics in electronic products and lightweight products in vehicles has increased the demand for plastics. According to National Geographic (2020), 40% of the plastic produced every year is single-use plastics. Production of plastic is expected to double by 2050. These factors that have driven the adoption of polyethylene have impacted of the ethylene market growth. Major players in the ethylene-petrochemicals market are AkzoNobel, BASF SE, Borealis, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC., China Petrochemical Corporation, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Clariant, Dow Chemical, Equistar Chemicals, and Exxon Mobil Corporation. Stringent government regulations related to the production and use of ethylene restrain the growth of the ethylene-petrochemicals market. Ethylene is combustible and carcinogenic in nature, making it dangerous to the environment. It is highly explosive and can cause light-headedness, dizziness, and unconsciousness when exposed. Several countries are implementing legislation for environmental protection, which will put pressure on the companies involved in the production of ethylene. For instance, in January 2020, a group of 364 environmental and other non-governmental organizations filed a petition with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to revise standards applicable to petro-plastics production facilities. The petition requests the EPA to impose unprecedented controls on such facilities. Moreover, globally, governments are banning single-use plastics to curb plastic waste. For instance, in January 2020, China announced its plans to ban single-use plastics and promote recycling and green packaging. The restrictions laid on production would hamper the growth of the ethylene-petrochemicals market. Ethylene-producing companies are investing in ways to develop bio-based green polyethylene compounds. These plastics are easy to produce, consume less energy and offer the same versatility as chemically synthesized plastic. Following the trend, in June 2021, Braskem, a Brazil-based biopolymer producer, launched the world’s first renewably-sourced polyethylene wax. This can be used for producing coatings, cosmetics, adhesives, and various other compounds. In January 2020, Indorama Ventures, a Thailand-based intermediate petrochemical company completed the acquisition of ethylene business of Huntsman Corporation for $2 billion. This acquisition expanded Indorama Ventures' product profile by adding ethylene, ethylene oxide, and monoethylene glycol, as well as strengthening the PET feedstock supply chain and improving its position as a PET manufacturer. The deal gives Indorama Ventures access to a number of new derivative products, including propylene/PO derivatives, surfactants, ethanolamines, glycol ethers, and MTBE. Huntsman Corporation is a US-based manufacturer and marketer of chemical products. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the ethylene-petrochemicals market in 2022. Middle East was the second-largest region in the global ethylene-petrochemicals market analysis. The regions covered in the global ethylene-petrochemicals market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the ethylene-petrochemicals market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, the UK, the USA, and Australia. The ethylene petrochemical market consists of the sales of ethylene petrochemicals in different compounds such as polyethylene (plastics), ethylene oxide or ethylene glycol, ethylene dichloride, and styrene. Values in this market are factory gate values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The ethylene-petrochemicals market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides ethylene-petrochemicals market statistics, including ethylene-petrochemicals industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with an ethylene-petrochemicals market share, detailed ethylene-petrochemicals market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the ethylene-petrochemicals industry. This ethylene-petrochemicals market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Benzene petrochemical refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon produced from cracked gasoline. It is highly flammable and has a sweet odor. Benzene is manufactured naturally by volcanoes and forest fires. The main manufacturing processes of benzene include pyrolysis steam cracking of naphtha, catalytic reforming of naphtha, toluene hydrodealkylation, toluene disproportionation, and biomass. Toluene disproportionation is referred to as a trans-alkylation reaction that converts toluene into xylene and benzene. The reaction occurs in the presence of hydrogen, on a bed of nickel-mordenite catalyst. The major derivatives from which benzene is derived are ethylbenzene, cumene, alkylbenzene, aniline, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, maleic anhydride, and other derivatives. The various applications of benzene include plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, and rubber lubricants. The global benzene-petrochemicals market is segmented - 1) By Manufacturing Process: Pyrolysis Steam Cracking of Naphtha, Catalytic Reforming of Naphtha, Toluene Hydrodealkylation, Toluene Disproportionation, From Biomass 2) By Derivative: Ethylbenzene, Cumene, Alkylbenzene, Aniline, Chlorobenzene, Cyclohexane, Maleic Anhydride, Other Derivatives 3) By Application: Plastics, Resins, Synthetic Fibers, Rubber Lubricants The global benzene-petrochemicals market size will grow from $72.41 billion in 2022 to $73.63 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.7%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of the global benzene-petrochemicals is expected to grow from $79.56 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 2.0%. The increased use of styrene to drive the benzene-petrochemicals market. The benzene derivative ethylbenzene is majorly used in the manufacturing of styrene. Styrene is used in the production of various products, such as styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polystyrene, styrene-butadiene elastomers, latexes, unsaturated polyester resins, among others. There is an increased demand for styrene-based polymers and copolymers in the automotive industry due to their lightweight nature. For instance, according to the American Chemistry Council (ACC), the fuel economy of a vehicle can improve by 6–8% by reducing the weight of a vehicle by 10%. Usage of plastics like styrene can reduce the weight of vehicles, thereby improving fuel economy. The use of styrene has also benefited manufacturers by reducing vehicle assembly time and costs. These advantages of the usage of styrene-based polymers and copolymers, especially in the automotive industry, are expected to contribute to the growth of the benzene-petrochemicals market. Major players in the benzene-petrochemicals market report are Ameriya Oil Ref. Co., Angarsk Petrochemical, Alexandria National Refining, and Petrochemicals Company (ANRPC), Arsol Aromatics GmbH & Co. KG, Atyrau Oil & Gas, Azerkhimija, BASF SE, Borealis AG, Bp PLC., and Braskem. Stringent safety regulations associated with the manufacturing and transportation of benzene were a major constraint on the market. Benzene is highly inflammable, toxic, and hazardous when exposed to extreme temperatures and pressures. Companies in this market should invest in equipment, technologies, and processes to limit the toxic levels and chemical concentrations as they may harm the environment and population. Humans, when exposed to benzene in the air for a certain amount of time, lose their lives. In order to provide a safe environment, government agencies limit the amount of benzene that can be released into the environment. For instance, the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) has set the maximum permissible level of benzene in drinking water at 5 ppb (per billion parts of air). These regulations have increased the operating costs of companies in this industry, thus restricting their growth. Many companies in the benzene market are focusing on research and developmental activities to discover new technologies and processes for the production of benzene. The technologies developed are expected to help curb environmental issues. For instance, in January 2021, Covestro, a German materials company received its first delivery of 2,000 metric tons of sustainable benzene from Total, a France-based petroleum company. The delivery enables Covestro to contribute to the circular economy. In addition, in May 2020, BioBTX, a Netherlands-based circular chemistry technology developer announced its plan to build the world’s first commercial production facility for sustainable aromatics such as benzene. The increase in such technological advances to reduce emissions will gain traction and contribute to the growth of the benzene-petrochemicals industry. In June 2020, Ineos, a UK-based chemicals company acquired chemical unit (aromatics and acetyls business) of BP plc for $5 billion along with its BP's Cooper River petrochemical plant in South Carolina among other facilities. This will enhance the production capacity of aromatics to cater to the market demand and enables operations synergies. BP plc is a UK-based oil and gas company. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the benzene-petrochemicals market in 2022. Middle East was the second-largest region in the global benzene-petrochemicals market share. The regions covered in the benzene-petrochemicals market analysis report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the benzene-petrochemicals market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, the UK, the USA, and Australia. The benzene-petrochemicals market consists of the sales of benzene petrochemicals used as an intermediary chemical in the production of plastics, resins, dyes, detergents, drugs, pesticides, nylons, and synthetic fibers. Values in this market are factory gate values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The benzene-petrochemicals market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides benzene-petrochemicals market statistics, including benzene-petrochemicals industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a benzene-petrochemicals market share, detailed benzene-petrochemicals market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the benzene-petrochemicals industry. This benzene-petrochemicals market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Petroleum coke (also known as pet coke) is a by-product produced when tar sands bitumen is processed into crude oil. It is known as green coke until it is thermally processed and converted into crystalline or calcined pet coke, which is utilized in the production of electrodes for steel and aluminum extraction. The main types of petroleum coke are fuel grade and calcined coke. Calcined coke is created by placing high-quality raw green petroleum coke into rotary kilns when it is heated to temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1350 degrees Celsius (2192 to 2460 degrees Fahrenheit). Calcined petroleum coke is an important component in the manufacturing of aluminum. The various physical forms of petroleum coke include needle coke, sponge coke, catalyst coke, shot coke, and purge coke that is used in power plants, cement kilns, steel, aluminum, fertilizer, and other applications. The global petroleum coke market is segmented – 1) By Type: Fuel Grade, Calcined Coke 2) By Physical Form: Needle Coke, Sponge Coke, Catalyst Coke, Shot Coke, Purge Coke 3) By Application: Power Plants, Cement Kilns, Steel, Aluminium, Fertilizer, Other Applications The global petroleum coke market size will grow from $25.71 billion in 2022 to $29.8 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.9%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The petroleum coke market size is expected to grow to $54.25 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 16.2%. The rise in the production of steel is expected to propel the growth of the petroleum coke market going forward. Steel output has risen globally, owing to growing demand from railways, highway buildings, and automobiles. Petcoke is used as a feedstock in the iron and steel industry, where it is blended with coking coal during the coke-making process. The use of pet coke results in a 16% reduction in coking coal use and a net reduction in energy intensity of just over 1%. For instance, according to IBEF, an Indian Government export promotion agency for the international distribution and sale of Indian products, in December 2021, the production of finished steel and crude steel stood at 94.66 million tonnes (MT) and 102.49 million tonnes (MT), respectively. In addition, crude steel production is expected to reach 112-114 million tons, an increase of 8-9% YoY in the financial year 2022. Therefore, the rise in production of steel owing to development in railways, highway construction, automobiles, and transportation segments is driving the growth of the petroleum coke market. The growth in the cement industry will support the growth of the petroleum coke market. The need for cement has increased as a result of rising demand in many areas including housing, commercial development, and industrial construction. In the cement industry, pet coke is used as an energy source. The SO2 emitted during thermal decomposition is absorbed by the limestone in some cement plants that use 100% pet coke instead of coal. For instance, despite the pandemic and flood scenario, China's cement sector maintained stable growth in 2020, due to infrastructure construction and real estate investment. The annual cement output reached 2.377 billion tons in 2020, representing a 1.6% increase year on year. Hence, the growth of the cement industry is expected to propel the growth of the petroleum coke market going forward. Major players in the petroleum coke market are BP PLC., Chevron Corporation, Essar Oil Ltd., Exxon Mobil Corporation, HPCL - Mittal Energy Limited, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Marathon Petroleum Corporation, Royal Dutch Shell PLC., Saudi Arabian Oil Co., Trammo Inc., Valero Energy Corporation, Reliance Industries Limited, Marathon Petroleum Corporation, Phillips 66 Company, and PJSC Lukoil. Increasing investments by key manufacturers have emerged as a key trend gaining popularity in the petroleum coke market. Major companies operating in the petroleum coke sector are focused on investments to increase the production capacity of petroleum coke and meet the growing demand from end-use industries. For instance, in November 2021, Oman, the world's largest crude exporter outside of Opec, announced the completion of Sanvira Carbon FZC, the country's first petroleum coke calcining (CPC) project, at the Sohar Freezone. Sanvira Carbon FZC, which was established with a $150 million investment, will assist refineries in the Sultanate of Oman and add value to the huge amounts of petroleum coke manufactured as a by-product of the refining process. Sanvira Carbon's full capacity is expected to be roughly 600,000 tons of calcined pet coke per year. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the petroleum coke market in 2022. The regions covered in petroleum coke market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the petroleum coke market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The petroleum coke market consists of sales of needle coke, honeycomb coke, sponge coke, and shot coke. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The petroleum coke market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides petroleum coke market statistics, including petroleum coke industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a petroleum coke market share, detailed petroleum coke market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the petroleum coke industry. This petroleum coke market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The refined petroleum products are derived by refining petroleum. The refined petroleum products have different physical and chemical properties depending on the kind of crude oil and subsequent refining procedures. The main types of petroleum products are diesel, gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene, and other refined petroleum products. Gasoline is a petroleum-based fuel made from crude oil and other liquids. Gasoline is primarily used in vehicles as an engine fuel. The various fraction includes light distillates, middle distillates, heavy oils, and the different refinery type are integrated refined petroleum product and non-integrated refined petroleum product. The applications of refined petroleum products are fuel, chemicals, and others. The global refined petroleum products market is segmented - 1) By Type: Diesel, Gasoline, Fuel Oil, Kerosene, Other Refined Petroleum Products 2) By Fraction: Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Heavy Oils 3) By Refinery Type: Integrated Refined Petroleum Product, Non-Integrated Refined Petroleum Product 4) By Application: Fuel, Chemical, Other Applications The global refined petroleum products market size grew from $2,616.61 billion in 2022 to $2,703.40 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.3%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of global refined petroleum products is expected to grow to $3,011.98 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 2.7%. Refineries are increasingly adopting Carbon Capture and Storage techniques to reduce CO2 emission levels in the atmosphere. This technique involves trapping CO2 at its emission source and transporting it to a different storage location which is actively monitored and measured. This way CO2 is isolated from the atmosphere, thereby reducing emission levels. For instance, Quest, a partnership venture of Shell, Canada Energy, and Chevron is fully integrated CCS project that captures CO2 produced from refineries and prevents it from entering the atmosphere by storing it in underground formations. Globally there are about 15 large scale projects and 7 under construction projects with the capacity to capture about 40 million tonnes CO2 per annum, thus indicating the potential of CCS technology in minimizing carbon emissions. For Instance, some of the major companies adopting this technique include ExxonMobil, Port Arthur Refinery, Baytown Refinery, RasTanura Refinery, and Garyville Refinery. Major companies in the market include Royal Dutch Shell, BP plc, Exxon Mobil, PJSC Lukoil, Chevron, Total SA, Marathon Petroleum Corporation, Valero Energy Corp, Saudi Aramco, and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited. To reduce the pollution levels, companies have started adopting gas-to-liquid technology, which produces high-quality petroleum products. Gas to liquid technology is the conversion of natural gas to high quality liquid products such as transportation fuels, motor oils, naphtha, diesel, and waxes. This technology uses natural gas as a substitute for crude oil as gas is considered to be the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is abundant, versatile, and easily affordable. The by- products obtained by using the GTL technology are colorless, odorless, and contain negligent amounts of impurities. For Instance, Shell, Chevron, and PetroSA have adopted this technology to produce transportation fuels, oils, and by-products to produce plastics, detergents, and cosmetics. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the refined petroleum products market share in 2022. Western Europe was the second largest region in the global petroleum products market. The regions covered in the global oil and gas supporting activities industry report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the oil and gas supporting activities market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela and Vietnam. The refined petroleum products market consists of sales of diesel fuel, jet fuel, liquid petroleum gases, asphalt and asphalt products. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The refined petroleum products market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides refined petroleum products market statistics, including refined petroleum products industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a refined petroleum products market share, detailed refined petroleum products market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the refined petroleum products industry. This refined petroleum products market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Chemical compounds are substances that are produced based on the transformation of organic and inorganic raw materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. Chemicals have characteristics such as flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity, and heat of combustion. The main types of chemicals are general chemical products, printing inks, toiletries, soap and cleaning compounds, adhesives, paints and coatings, pesticide and other types of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizers, synthetic rubber and fibers, plastic material and resins, ethyl alcohol, and other basic types of organic chemical, and other types of basic inorganic chemical, synthetic dye, and pigment, industrial gas, and petrochemicals. Printing ink is ink used in printing and contains a pigment or pigments of the required color mixed with oil or varnish. The types of intermediate chemicals are methanol, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide. The end-users involved are pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, water treatment, construction, paints and dyes, oil and gas, rubber chemicals, surfactants, personal care, and other end-users. The global chemicals market is segmented - 1) By Type: General Chemical Product, Printing Inks, Toiletries, Soap and Cleaning Compounds, Adhesives, Paints and Coatings, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemicals, Chemical Fertilizers, Synthetic Rubber and Fibers, Plastic Material and Resins, Ethyl Alcohol and Other Basic Organic Chemical, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical, Synthetic Dye and Pigment, Industrial Gas, Petrochemicals 2) By Type of Intermediate Chemicals: Methanol, Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide 3) By End User: Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals, Water Treatment, Construction, Paints and Dyes, Oil & Gas, Rubber Chemicals, Surfactants, Personal Care, Other End-Users Subsegments Covered: Oil-Based Printing Inks, Solvent-Based Printing Inks, Water-Based Printing Inks, Lotions (Including Sunscreens), Hair Preparations, Face Creams, Perfumes, Shaving Preparations, Other Cosmetic Preparations, Soap and Other Detergents, Surface Active Agents, Polish and Other Sanitation Goods, Water-Based Adhesives, Solvent-Based Adhesives, Hot-Melt-Based Adhesives, Reactive & Other Adhesives, Water Borne Coatings, Solvent Based Coatings, Powder Coatings, Other Paints and Coatings, Herbicides, Insecticides, Fungicides, Other Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemicals, Nitrogen Fertilizer, Phosphate Fertilizer, Potash Fertilizer, Synthetic Fibers, Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Polybutadiene (BR), Ethylene Propylene (EPDM), Other Synthetic Rubber and Fibers, Polypropylene-Plastic Material and Resins, High-Density Polyethylene, Poly-Vinyl Chloride, Polyethylene Terephthalate, Polyurethane, Low-Density Polyethylene, Polystyrene-Plastic Material and Resins, Other Plastic Material and Resins, Synthetic Sweeteners, Plasticizers, Ethyl Alcohol, Silicone (except Resins), Fatty Acids, Gum and Wood Chemicals Synthetic Dye, Synthetic Pigments, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, Other Industrial Gas, Ethylene-Petrochemicals, Propylene-Petrochemicals, Benzene-Petrochemicals, Xylene, Styrene-Petrochemicals, Toluene, Cumene, Other Petrochemicals. The global chemicals market size will grow from $4700.13 billion in 2022 to $5079.29 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.1%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of chemicals is expected to grow to $6851.59 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 7.8%. Interest rates were low in most developed countries during this period. This positively impacted the growth of the chemicals market. For instance, in March 2020, the Bank of England, a UK-based central bank, reduced interest rates to 0.1%, the lowest level ever, as a measure of protest against COVID-19. These low-interest rates encouraged borrowing and increased the flow of money for investment. This allowed chemical companies to borrow money for process improvements, thus driving the market during the historic period. Major companies in the chemicals market include JXTG Holdings Inc., Sinopec Limited, BASF SE, Procter & Gamble, Unilever plc, L'Oreal SA, Dow Inc., Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corp, and Guardian Industries, LLC. Rising costs had a negative impact on the growth of the industrial gas market during the forecast period. This rise in raw material costs resulted in higher manufacturing costs, thus decreasing the investments available for research and development of new products. Additionally, companies invested heavily in marketing their products due to intense competition in the market. Rising trucking, railroad, dry-bulk, and air-freight rates also negatively impacted the market. This rise in operating costs increased the pressure on companies to protect margins while maintaining the quality of their products. Chemical companies are increasingly adopting sustainable and eco-friendly processes to eliminate the negative impact of chemical manufacturing on the environment. Evolution in technology and chemical sciences enables chemical companies to utilize alternative fuels to produce chemical products. They are using naturally available carbon dioxide to produce fuels, industrial products, and other substances. For instance, Akzo Nobel N.V., a chemicals and coatings giant, is planning to make a seven-figure investment in Green Lizard Technologies’ patented process to make surfactants from plants rather than from oils. Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the chemicals market in 2022. North America was the second-largest region in the chemicals market share. The regions covered in the chemicals market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the chemicals market report are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, Ukraine, USA, and Vietnam. The chemicals market consists of the sales of petrochemicals, industrial gas, ethyl alcohol, organic chemicals and inorganic chemicals, resins, synthetic rubber, and artificial and synthetic fibers and filaments, pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals. The chemicals industry establishments produce a variety of chemical products by processing raw materials such as air, water, natural gas, oil, metals and minerals. Values in this market are ‘factory gate’ values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The chemicals market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides chemicals market statistics, including chemicals industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a chemicals market share, detailed chemicals market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the chemicals industry. This chemicals market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

Propylene is a basic versatile chemical as ethylene used in the manufacture of common household items. Propylene is a component of the addition polymer poly (propane), and it is also used in the production of epoxy propane and propanol. The main derivatives of propylene are polypropylene, propylene oxide, cumene, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, acrylates, alcohols, and other derivatives. Polypropylene is a synthetic resin built by the polymerization of propylene. These are used in various applications of organic chemical raw materials, synthetic resins, fine chemicals, and other applications that are implemented by end-user industries such as automotive, construction, packaging, textile, and other end-use industries. The global propylene market is segmented - 1) By Derivatives: Polypropylene, Propylene oxide, Cumene, Acrylonitrile, Acrylic acid & Acrylates, Alcohols, Other Derivatives 2) By Application: Organic Chemical Raw Materials, Synthetic Resins, Fine Chemicals, Other Applications 3) By End User Industry: Automotive, Construction, Packaging, Textile, Other End-Use Industries The global propylene market size will grow from $104.04 billion in 2022 to $107.4 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.2%. The Russia-Ukraine war disrupted the chances of global economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, at least in the short term. The war between these two countries has led to economic sanctions on multiple countries, a surge in commodity prices, and supply chain disruptions, causing inflation across goods and services and affecting many markets across the globe. The market size of global propylene is expected to grow to $121.74 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 3.2%. The propylene market is expected to benefit from growth in the automobile industry during the forecast period. Polypropylene is a polymer produced from the propylene monomer which is used in the automobile industry. Large-scale production of automobiles is leading to an increase in demand for polypropylene products, which are used in the manufacturing of battery cases and trays, bumpers, interior trim, instrument panels, fender liners, door trims, and other components. According to the International Energy Agency, car sales reached 73 million in 2020 and are expected to increase more in the future. Thus, increased use of plastics in automobiles is expected to increase the demand for propylene during the forecast period. Major players in the propylene market are AGC Chemicals, Archer Daniels Midland Company, Asahi Kasei Corporation, BASF SE, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC), China Petrochemical Corporation, Dangote Industries Ltd., Eni SpA, and Enterprise Products Partners L.P. Stringent safety regulations associated with the manufacture and transportation of propylene were a significant market restraint. Propylene is highly inflammable, toxic, and hazardous when exposed to extreme temperatures and pressures. Propylene suppliers should invest in equipment, technologies, and processes to limit the toxic levels and chemical concentrations. These regulations increased the operating costs of companies in the propylene industry, thus limiting the scope for investments relating to the launch of new products and expansion into new markets, thereby affecting the market growth. Petrochemical companies are adopting on-purpose propylene production technologies to produce propylene as a sole product but not as an alternate or co-product. On-purpose propylene technology refers to a modified version of the traditional fluid catalytic cracking unit which increases propylene yield by 20% more than the actual output. Traditional sources for propylene, which include steam crackers and oil refineries, yield fewer propylene as a derivative or co-product due to a shift in feedstocks from naphtha to ethane. To meet the increased demand for propylene, petrochemical companies are investing in developing on-purpose technologies to accelerate the shortfall in propylene production. Major on-purpose technologies include propane dehydrogenation, methanol-to-olefins/methanol-to-propylene (MTO/MTP), high-severity fluidized catalytic cracking (HS-FCC), coal-to-olefins/coal-to-propylene (CTO/CTP), and gas-to-olefins (GTO). For instance, major companies adopting this technology include BASF, Dow Chemical, ExxonMobil Chemical, and Sidi Kerir Petrochemicals Co (SIDPEC). In January 2022, Invista, a US-based fiber, resin and intermediates company acquired propylene business of Flint Hills Resources for an undisclosed amount. The acquisition includes chemical facilities in Houston and Longview, Texas, ownership of pipelines that supply facilities, and support employees. The deal added propylene portfolio to Invista and enables future growth. Flint Hills Resources is an American refining company. The Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the propylene market in 2022. North America was the second-largest region in the global propylene market. The regions covered in the global propylene market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the propylene market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, the UK, the USA, and Australia. The propylene market consists of the sales of propylene used in the production of acrylics, rubbing alcohol, epoxy glue, and carpets. Values in this market are factory gate values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods. The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified). The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products. The propylene market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides propylene market statistics, including propylene industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a propylene market share, detailed propylene market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the propylene industry. This propylene market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.