Global Cannabis Products Market

Dialysis Devices and Equipment Market Definition

The dialysis devices and equipment market consists of the sale of dialysis devices and equipment and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that manufacture dialysis devices and equipment which are used in the treatment of dialysis patients. The dialysis devices and equipment industry includes establishments that manufacture dialysis devices and equipment such as dialyzers and dialysis pumping machines and other instruments used in the dialysis process, including blood pumps, catheters and tubing kits. Dialysis devices and equipment are used in the dialysis process to filter the patient’s blood, in order to remove waste products such as urea, creatinine and excess water, such impurities usually occur when the kidneys fail or are damaged. Dialysis allows patients with kidney failure a chance to live productive lives. There are three types of dialysis – hemodialysis dialysis, peritoneal dialysis and continuous renal replacement.

The X-ray devices and equipment market consists of sales of X-ray devices and equipment and related services. X-ray systems are used for the diagnosis and imaging of patients suffering from various diseases. The key product types of X-ray systems include general radiography X-ray systems, fluoroscopy X-ray systems, mammography X-ray systems, interventional X-ray systems, and mobile c-arm X-ray systems. The global x-ray devices and equipment market is expected to decline from $12.7 billion in 2019 to $10.2 billion in 2020 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -19.3%. The decline is mainly due to the COVID-19 outbreak and the measures to contain it. The governments across the countries prioritized covid-19 screening and imaging is not routinely used to screen for COVID-19. Also, most of the factories manufacturing diagnostic imaging equipment such as X-ray systems, ultrasound systems, computed tomography (CT) scanners, and MRI systems and/or their components, are currently shutdown inorder to keep the staff safe and contain the spread. The market is then expected to recover and grow at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2021 and reach $15.6 billion in 2023. North America was the largest region in the X-ray systems devices and equipment market, followed by Asia Pacific. The rising incidence of injuries occurring worldwide is driving the medical diagnostic X-ray systems, devices and equipment market. Increasing accidents, sports injuries, severe muscle damages, bone injuries and others are rising the market for diagnostic equipment, especially X-ray systems devices and equipment market. In 2017, about 2.8 million nonfatal injuries were recorded according to estimates from the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII). With the increase in injuries and accidents across the globe, number of urgent care facilities offering services such as blood tests, stitching, and X-rays also increased. For instance, according to the Urgent Care Association, the total number of urgent care centers in the USA increased from 6,400 in 2014 to 8,744 in 2018. Hazardous radiation effects and increasing health concerns hinders the X-ray systems devices and equipment market growth. Diagnostic imaging procedures use x-rays systems devices and equipment that release electromagnetic waves or particles called ionizing radiation. This radiation coming from man-made sources such as X-rays, CT scans, nuclear medicine scans and PET scans carry major health hazards. Low doses can also cause cancer in the long run. Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018. When doses exceed certain levels it causes skin burns and acute radiation syndrome. According to a global survey in 2015 conducted by NCBI on radiation overexposure accidents, around 2390 people were over exposed to radiation, out of which 190 died. The X-ray systems devices and equipment market is witnessing a rise in number of mergers and acquisitions. Mergers and acquisition activity is being driven mainly by companies intending to diversify their business into the medical/diagnostic imaging and radiology businesses. In January 2018, Hitachi acquired VidiStar LLC, a digital solution provider in order to expand its clinical reporting and analytical services division for diagnostic imaging. In November 2017, Philips acquired a Baltimore-based Analytical Informatics Inc., an advanced workflow tools and applications providing company, to expand its radiology business. In January 2018, Canon Medical Systems, Europe in order to expand its product portfolio and services offered acquired DelftHold BV, a company specialized in enterprise healthcare information technology (IT) solutions, manufacturing digital X-ray systems, system integration and providing services for radiology departments. In 2017, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), in response to FDA`s initiative to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure from medical imaging devices, recommended to minimize medical radiation exposure by proposing a new radiation “vital sign” risk score. This aids quality of care and patient safety from diagnostic X-ray systems by calculating potential harm from additional exposure to medical radiation. The incorporation of vital sign into these electronic medical devices helps in taking protective measures. The Advisory Committee on X-ray and Radium Protection, of NCRP provided approaches and modalities that use less or no ionizing radiation for medically appropriate and safe patient care. In January 2019, Shimadzu Medical Systems USA acquired Core Medical Imaging, Inc for an undisclosed amount. This acquisition would strengthen Shimadzu`s healthcare business and expands its medical systems division in North America to cater to the regions demands and capitalize on the market. Core Medical Imaging, Inc., is an US-based medical equipment company offering various medical products and devices, surgical equipment, diagnostic and X-ray systems, apparatus, and other medical instruments. It was founded in 2000 and is headquartered in Washington, United States.

Sterilization Equipment And Disinfectants Market Definition

The sterilization equipment and disinfectants market consists of sales of sterilization equipment and disinfectants by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that produce sterilization equipment and disinfectants, which are used in the decontamination of microorganisms from equipment and supplies. The manufactures of sterilization equipment and disinfectants are primarily engaged in manufacturing equipment which is used for decontamination by physical, chemical and mechanical methods by hospital and clinics, clinical laboratories, pharmaceutical companies, food and beverage industry and households.

The hospital-acquired infections testing kits market consists of sales of hospital-acquired infections testing kits, devices and related services. Hospital acquired infections testing kits are used to check the infections associated with pathogens such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multi-resistant gram-negative bacilli, norovirus, and clostridium difficile. The hospital acquired infections testing kits market covered in this report is segmented by product into instrument & reagents, consumables. The hospital-acquired infections testing kits market is also segmented by test type into pneumonia infection, urinary tract infection, blood stream associated infection, surgical site infection, MRSA infection, others; by application into drug-resistance testing, disease testing; by pathogen type into viral, bacterial, fungal and by method of treatment into sterilization, chemical, radiation. The global hospital acquired infections testing kits market is expected to grow from $0.9 billion in 2020 to $1 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.1%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The hospital-acquired infections testing kits market is expected to reach $1.49 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 10.5%. The hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are on the rise, affecting both the inpatients and outpatients. Hospital acquired infections or nosocomial infections are diseases that are acquired in hospitals and medical clinics. For example, according to the findings by Center for Disease Control and Prevention, around 1.7 million people in the USA acquire hospital-acquired infections caused while being admitted for other health issues and more than 98,000 (around 5%) patients die due to these infections. The increasing incidence of hospital-acquired infections leads to an increase in the demand for hospital acquired infections testing kits. Most of the underdeveloped and developing nations lack proper health insurance that covers essential health services. According to a report by the World Bank and the World Health Organization, more than 50% of the world’s population cannot avail essential health services due to expensive healthcare services that pushes them to poverty. For instance, 800 million people spend more than 10% of their household budgets on health expenses for themselves, a sick child or other family member and for almost 100 million people these expenses are high enough to push them into extreme poverty. This lack of financially affordable healthcare hinders the market growth for diagnostic services including hospital acquired infection testing. The diagnostic tests involved in diagnosing HAIs such as flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, near-infrared spectroscopy, nucleic acid-based technologies are advancing in technologies, providing more accurate data. There has been a significant advancement in mass spectrometers, which quantifies known materials, and identifies unknown compounds within a sample. For instance, SCIEX’s X500 QTOF solves the challenge of contamination and is a compact device that does not compromise on resolution and accuracy. It gives results sooner and allows the operator to make data-driven decisions sooner. The market for hospital acquired infections testing kits is regulated by government agencies such as US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the USA, and the European Medicines Agency/Committee in European Region. The regulatory body lays down a set of guidelines pertaining to safety, efficiency and efficacy of the instruments that form part of the hospital acquired infection testing kits market. The manufacturers and service providers must comply with the CBER Regulations that have been published in the first chapter Title 21 of CFR. Part 600 of CFR 21 primarily focuses on the established standards like retention samples conditions, temperature to be maintained during shipment, sterilization of equipment and role and duties of the inspector to inspect the laboratories. The regulation also allows the manufacturer to report any kind of deviation of their product from their intended purpose. CBER comes under FDA (Food and Drug Administration). Also, Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, Part 866 states regulations pertaining to immunology and microbiology devices. These devices are used to identify infections caused due to bacteria and various viruses. Major players in the hospital-acquired infections testing kits market are Becton, Dickinson and Company, Abbott Laboratories, Cepheid, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., and Hologic. The regions covered in the hospital-acquired infections testing kits market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the hospital-acquired infections testing kits market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global hospital acquired infections testing kits market is segmented - 1) By Product: Instrument & Reagents, Consumables 2) By Test Type: Pneumonia Infection, Urinary Tract Infection, Blood Stream Associated Infection, Surgical Site Infection, MRSA Infection, Others  3) By Application: Drug-Resistance Testing, Disease Testing 4) By Pathogen Type: Viral, Bacterial, Fungal 5) By Method of Treatment: Sterilization, Chemical, Radiation

The rapid microbiology testing kits market consists of sales of rapid microbiology test kits and equipment. Rapid testing methods include equipment such as flow cytometry and mass spectroscopy. Rapid microbiology testing has high sensitivity and less turnover time compared to traditional methods, and is used to diagnose infectious diseases or target products by examining pathogens within a short period. The rapid microbiology testing kits market covered in this report is segmented by product type into instruments, reagents and kits, consumables. The rapid microbiology testing kits market is also segmented by application into clinical disease diagnosis, food and beverage testing, pharmaceutical and biological drug testing, cosmetics and personal care products testing, environmental testing, research applications, others and by testing type into growth-based rapid microbiology testing kits, cellular component-based rapid microbiology testing kits, nucleic acid-based rapid microbiology testing kits, viability-based rapid microbiology testing kits, other rapid microbiology testing kits methods. The global rapid microbiology testing kits market is expected to grow from $3.74 billion in 2020 to $4.02 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The rapid microbiology testing kits market is expected to reach $5.25 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 6.9%. The rising number of infectious diseases is one of the major drivers for the rapid microbiology testing kits market. Rapid diagnostic tests are faster, more reliable, and more widely available than traditional tests. As the number of infectious disease cases increases, the need for tests to confirm these diseases also increases. With increasing demand for microbiology tests, the need for rapid microbiology tests is increasing as it gives quicker results than normal microbiology tests. For example, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Trusted Source, the number of visits to physician offices with infectious and parasitic diseases as the primary diagnosis was 15.5 million and the number of emergency department visits with infectious and parasitic diseases as the primary diagnosis was 3.7 million per year. The stringent regulations related to rapid microbiology testing kits are a major restraint for the market. This is because scientific validation is a critical part of obtaining regulatory approval for a rapid microbiology testing method. In this regard, various tests such as a test for accuracy, specificity, precision, range and robustness are mandatory. The processes for evaluating, validating and implementing rapid microbiology test methods are expensive and time consuming. This often leads to delay in the launch of a testing method and adds up to the final cost of the test. For example, the process for approval by the FDA for rapid microbiology testing methods is very time consuming which alters the normal operating cycle for manufacturers and causes a delay in commercial launch of the test devices in the market. Technological advancements are an emerging trend in the rapid microbiology testing kits market. This is mainly because these technological advancements improve reliability and efficiency of tests and testing methods. Automation in rapid microbial detection enables higher throughputs and greater accuracy in results. Similarly, robotic cassette handling, incubation and imaging reduces the risks of miscounts, mid-test contamination and incorrect data entry, which leads to fewer false positives and out-of-specification investigations. Fewer investigations then ultimately improve uptime, and reduces delay and recall of tests. For example, Abbott Laboratories announced a next generation Alinity HQ Hematology Analyzer that is aimed to minimize errors and reduce manual steps in testing. The FDA regulates rapid microbiology testing through its process analytical technology (PAT) regulatory framework initiative. PAT is a system which evaluates the designing, controlling and timely measuring of critical quality of raw and processed materials. It seeks that manufacturers have built-in quality into products rather than testing quality in products. This ensures final product quality and improves manufacturing efficiencies. Hence, regulations such as these would keep a check on the companies in the rapid microbiology testing market. Major players in the rapid microbiology testing kits market are Abbott Laboratories, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Bruker Corporation, Charles River Laboratories International Inc., and Danaher Corporation. The regions covered in the rapid microbiology testing kits market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the rapid microbiology testing kits market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global rapid microbiology testing kits market is segmented - 1) By Product Type: Instruments, Reagents And Kits, Consumables 2) By Application: Clinical Disease Diagnosis, Food And Beverage Testing, Pharmaceutical And Biological Drug Testing, Cosmetics And Personal Care Products Testing, Environmental Testing, Research Applications, Others 3) By Testing Type: Growth-Based Rapid Microbiology Testing Kits, Cellular Component-Based Rapid Microbiology Testing Kits, Nucleic Acid-Based Rapid Microbiology Testing Kits, Viability-Based Rapid Microbiology Testing Kits, Other Rapid Microbiology Testing Kits Methods

The pharma microbiology testing kits market consists of sales of pharma microbiology testing kits and related services. The pharma microbiology testing kits are used to detect the microbial limits among drugs, vaccines and other biologics. The related services include only installation and maintenance services offered by equipment manufacturers. Pharmaceutical microbiology testing includes bioburden testing, sterility testing, environmental testing, endotoxin testing and others. The pharma microbiology testing kits market covered in this report is segmented by product into consumables, equipment. The pharma microbiology testing kits market is also segmented by test into endotoxin testing, sterility testing, microbial examination, environmental monitoring, others and by end user into hospitals & diagnostic centers, custom lab service providers, academic & research institutes. The global pharma microbiology testing kits market is expected to grow from $4.57 billion in 2020 to $4.99 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.2%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The pharma microbiology testing kits market is expected to reach $7.14 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 9.4%. The rise in the incidence of infectious diseases is one of the prime drivers of pharma microbiology testing kits market. According to CDC (Centre for Disease Control and Prevention), infectious diseases such as Hepatitis A, B and C, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are increasing their prevalence globally. WHO report indicated that, there were about 1.4 million cases of as Hepatitis A reported globally every year. Hence the increasing number of infectious disease cases due to infected needle injections, unprotected sex, homelessness, lack of access to medical care and other socioeconomic challenges drives the pharma microbiology testing kits market. Limited shelf life of microorganisms and microbiology reagents acts a major restraint on pharma microbiology testing kits market. Shelf life is defined as the time for which a product remains fit for use after its generation. The shelf life of microbiology reagents depends upon the exposure to atmospheric conditions. The life of microorganisms such as bacteria (only 12hours) is short therefore the time for microbiological research is very limited as the quality of microorganisms deteriorate and become unfit to use resulting in inaccurate pharma microbiology testing kits results. Hence, the short or limited shelf life of microbiology reagents may increase cost and hamper the pharma microbiology testing kits market growth. Outsourcing of microbiological testing to contract testing laboratories is becoming popular in the pharma microbiology testing kits market. Outsourcing of routine microbiological testing activities controls and ensures better quality and safety of raw materials, intermediates, and finished products. The contract testing laboratories are outsourced with some testing areas such as stability testing, raw material testing, method validation, microbial testing, environmental monitoring, physical characterization, batch-release testing, bio analytical testing and others. For instance, the global healthcare analytical testing market is projected to expand to $4.13 billion by 2021 at a growth rate of 11.3%. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a federal agency and regulatory body for pharma microbiology testing kits market in the United States department of health and human services. In September 2018, FDA has set scientific standards for testing foods for various contaminants. Laboratories and food companies across the globe use these standards to make sure that food products are safe to eat and drink. FDA's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) detects pathogens (bacterial, viral, parasitic, plus yeast and mold) in food and cosmetic products. Enhanced standards for microbial testing, additional microbiological methods and environmental testing methods have been set by FDA in order to ensure food and drug safety. In February 2019, bioMérieux, a food microbiology testing and in vitro diagnostics company, acquired Invisible Sentinel for $75 million. This acquisition would strengthen and broaden bioMérieux's product portfolio with molecular diagnostic tools, and capitalize on marketing innovative technologies such as DNA Signature Capturing Technology. Invisible Sentinel manufactures and markets innovative molecular diagnostic tools for the rapid, accurate and reliable detection of pathogens and spoilage organisms in food and beverage. Invisible Sentinel Inc. was founded in 2006 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Major players in the pharma microbiology testing kits market are F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Abbott Laboratories, ThermoFisher Scientific and Lucideon. The regions covered in the pharma microbiology testing kits market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the pharma microbiology testing kits market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global pharma microbiology testing kits market is segmented - 1) By Product: Consumables, Equipment 2) By Test: Endotoxin Testing, Sterility Testing, Microbial Examination, Environmental Monitoring, Others 3) By End User: Hospitals & Diagnostic Centers, Custom Lab Service Providers, Academic & Research Institutes

Animal Testing Market Definition

The animal testing market consists of the total expenses incurred by end-use entities that use animals for testing their products. End-use entities include academic research institutions and various industries (such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices, chemicals & pesticides and cosmetics,) that conduct animal testing during product development. Pharmaceutical and medical device companies also use animal testing to understand basic disease mechanisms. End-use entities may also outsource these tests to clinical research organizations (CROs). The animal testing market covered in this report includes sales of animal testing services by CROs to end use industries. The market includes the costs of animal models and the costs of animal testing operations (such as animal maintenance and feed) during drug/ product testing. This market does not include animals caged in companies as stock and not used for testing, and animals used for breeding.

Non-Animal Alternative Testing Market Definition

The non-animal alternative testing market is the total expenses incurred by end-use entities that use alternative technologies instead of animals for testing their products. End-use entities include academic research institutions, and various industries (such as pharmaceuticals, medical devices, chemicals & pesticides and cosmetics) performing animal testing to conduct basic research, toxicology profiling, and others. The non-animal testing market covered in this report includes sales of non-animal testing services by CROs to end use industries. The market is inclusive of the costs of alternate technology tools and other operational costs involved in using these tools for various preclinical testing purposes.

The veterinary laboratory testing services market consists of sales of laboratory testing services for animals. These services consist of various tests conducted for the diagnosis of infectious agents, toxins, and other causes of diseases in animals. The tests conducted involve chemistry, pathology, serology, hematology, radiography, and endocrinology related assessments. The global veterinary laboratory testing services market is expected to grow from $15.75 billion in 2020 to $17.83 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.2%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $21.47 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 4.8%. The veterinary laboratory testing services market is being driven by the rising prevalence of disease epidemics in animals. For instance, cattle are getting infected by a wide group of pathogens, which is leading to a rise in the number of laboratory tests done for cattle. Moreover, livestock globally is getting vulnerable to infectious diseases caused by pathogens and viruses. For instance, Salmonella and Campylobacter are the two most common zoonotic pathogens that are present in the intestine tract of animals, such as chicken, swine, and cattle, and are leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide. These diseases get passed through the food chain to humans which is a potential threat. Therefore, efforts to curb these infections in animals are driving the market for Veterinary Laboratory Testing. The FoodNet system (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, USA) identified 24,484 foodborne illnesses, 5,677 hospitalizations, and 122 deaths. The highest incidences per 100,000 population were for Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Shigella(these are organisms causing Bacterial gastroenteritis which is a digestive problem) in the USA. The veterinary laboratory testing services market is being restrained by a lack of animal healthcare awareness in emerging markets, which is responsible for causing many animal-related diseases to go untreated. Some of the animal illnesses are often unknown or undiagnosed due to the lack of awareness. For instance, in emerging countries like India, China, and South Africa, diseases like rabies which can be detected through veterinary testing are often left undiagnosed which results in the deaths of a large number of people, who are bitten by rabid animals in these countries. For example, more than 55,000 people globally die of rabies every year and around 30,000 of these cases were from India. According to Prof Andrew Leisewitz from the University of Pretoria, around 27,000 cases of animal rabies were reported but the estimated number of actual cases was much higher. Such lack of awareness, especially in emerging markets, is restraining the veterinary laboratory testing services market. The companies in the veterinary laboratory testing services are increasingly adopting multiple testing panels. A test panel is a pre-decided group of medical tests to be used in the diagnosis as well as the treatment of the animal disease. The test panels are normally composed of individual laboratory tests which are grouped by specimen type, the methodology used, or by the most frequently requested tests. Multiple test panels offer various advantages such as labor efficiency, automation, and reduced costs, achieved by conducting a large number of tests daily. For instance, Abaxis Inc. is using multiple single-use test panels designed to address a number of conditions, wherein just 3 to 4 drops of blood are required to deliver up to 14 precise results. The veterinary laboratory testing services market in the US is subject to regulations by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC requires the professionals responsible for conducting the tests to undergo technical training at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL). The veterinary laboratory personnel is required to conduct the tests licensed by the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) as per the label instructions or the official protocols provided by the NVSL. Further, the CDC requires the laboratory personnel to test only those samples submitted by accredited veterinarians and report the test results within 48 hours of completion. Laboratory inspections must be conducted by animal health officials on a periodic basis. In 2019, Zoetis acquired Phoenix lab for an undisclosed amount. Phoenix Central laboratory is a full-service veterinary laboratory company that provides veterinary diagnostic services based in Mukilteo, USA. The company was founded in the year 1988. Major players in the market are ABAXIS, Inc., IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Heska Corporation, Pfizer Animal Health, Neogen Corporation. The countries covered in the global veterinary laboratory testing services market are Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Russia, UK, USA, Australia. The regions covered in the global veterinary laboratory testing services market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global veterinary laboratory testing services market is segmented - 1) By Technology: Clinical Biochemistry, Immunodiagnostics, Hematology, Molecular Diagnostics, Urinalysis, Others 2) By Animal Type: Pet Animals, Livestock 3) By End User: Veterinary Hospitals & Clinics, Diagnostic Laboratories, Research Institutes, In-House Testing, Others