Oil and Gas Industry Overview

The asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market consists of sales of asphalt, lubricating oil and grease by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that produce block asphalt, asphalt paving mixture, asphalt shingle, coating materials, petroleum lubricating oil and grease. Asphalt is a sticky, black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum used for surfacing roads, flooring, and roofing. The asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market is segmented into asphalt and other petroleum products. The global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market is expected to grow from $254.02 billion in 2020 to $308.13 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.3%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $437.25 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 9%. North America was the largest region in the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market, accounting for 37% of the market in 2020. Asia Pacific was the second largest region, accounting for 25% of the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market. Africa was the smallest region in the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market. Producers of petroleum-based lubricants are offering bio-based lubricants to address the concerns associated with the impact of lubricants on the environment. Bio-based lubricants are formulated with renewable or biodegradable materials. Vegetable oils are one of the major components for bio-based lubricants. Vegetable oils offer high lubricity, viscosity and thermal stability. They have a higher flash point of 326°C as compared to flash point of 200°C for mineral oils. Lubricants produced from vegetable oils include tractor transmission hydraulic fluid, industrial hydraulic fluids for process and machinery applications, food-grade hydraulic fluids and greases, greases for use in automotive, railroad and machinery applications, chainsaw bar oil, gear lubes, compressor oil, and transformer and transmission line cooling fluids. The demand for multi grade lubricants is gaining traction due to their better performance in cold climatic conditions. Multi-grade lubricant is a viscosity modifier used in engines which allows the smooth flow of oil under cold and hot climatic conditions. It is used to minimize the effect of change of viscosity with respect to the changes in the surrounding temperature and maintains optimum viscosity over the engine operating temperature range. Some of the major companies producing this lubricant include Gazprom, Rosneft, Exxonmobil, Petrochina and BP. Most of the asphalt companies are using frequency inverters in asphalt mixing process to control asphalt mixture drying time. Frequency inverter is an electronic device which transforms an AC current with fixed frequency to variable amplitude and frequency. It is used to vary the speed of rotation of the drying drum of the plant drying system so that the aggregates which are more porous receive heat from the burning flame for more time resulting in complete drying. It improves the drying process and allows the less porous asphalt to dry faster resulting in increased production. For instance, some of the major companies using frequency inverters include 3 Franks Services, A. Macchione Brothers, Absolute Asphalt and Concreter LLC and Ace Asphalt. The major players covered in the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market are Royal Dutch Shell, BP PLC, Gazprom Neft, CRH Plc, Owens Corning Sales LLC. The countries covered in the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. The regions covered in the global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global asphalt, lubricating oil and grease market is segmented - 1) By Type: Asphalt, Other Petroleum Products 2) By End Use Industries: Power Generation, Transport, Metallurgy & Metalworking, Food & Beverage, Chemical, Others Subsegments Covered: Asphalt Paving Mixtures And Blocks, Prepared Asphalt And Tar Roofing And Siding Products, Roofing Asphalts And Pitches, Coatings And Cements

The oil and gas market consists of sales of oil and gas by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that undertake the exploration for, extraction, drilling, and refining, of oil and gas and some of its derivatives. This market does not include petrochemicals. The oil and gas market is segmented into oil & gas upstream activities and oil downstream products. The global oil and gas market is expected to grow from $4677.45 billion in 2020 to $5870.13 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.5%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $7425.02 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Asia Pacific was the largest region in the global oil and gas market, accounting for 33% of the market in 2020. North America was the second largest region accounting for 19% of the global market. South America was the smallest region in the global oil and gas market. Low interest rates in most developed countries positively impacted the oil and gas industry during the historic period. For instance, in 2019, the European Central Bank decreased interest rates to -0.5% on deposits from banks to encourage lending. This created a flow of cheap money for investment, both in developed and developing economies. It also encouraged borrowing and discouraged saving in advanced markets, helping to drive spending. Oil and gas companies were able to borrow more money for process improvements and expansion projects, thus driving the market during this period. Oil price volatility is likely to have a negative impact on the market as significant decline and increase in oil prices negatively impacts the government and consumer spending. The decline in oil prices is having a negative impact on government spending in countries such as Saudi Arabia, Nigeria and the UAE (United Arab Emirates) which are largely dependent on revenues generated through crude oil exports; whereas significant increase in oil prices had resulted in rising inflation, current account deficit and fiscal deficit in countries such as India and China, which predominantly import oil. For instance, the Saudi government is expected to cut down its spending from 1.05 trillion riyals ($280 billion) in 2019 to 1.02 trillion riyals ($270 billion) in 2020, to 955 billion riyals ($255 billion) by 2022, due to significant decline in revenues generated from oil exports, thereby affecting the market. This high volatility in oil prices is expected to negatively impact the market going forward. Major companies in the oil and gas industry are looking into big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance decisions making abilities and thus drive profits. The companies in this industry gather huge amounts of raw data relating to the working of refineries, pipelines and other infrastructure through a large number of sensors placed across the oil rig. Using big data analytics the companies can detect patterns which can allow them to quickly react to unwanted changes or potential defects, thus saving costs. AI allows the companies to take better drilling and operational decisions. Companies such as ExxonMobil and Shell have been increasingly investing in AI technology to have a centralized method of data management and support data integration across multiple applications . Other companies such as Sinopec, a Chinese chemical and petroleum corporation, has announced its decision to construct 10 intelligent centers to help in reducing operation costs by 20%. Major companies in the market include Saudi Aramco; Exxon Mobil Corporation; Royal Dutch Shell; BP Plc; Sinopec Limited. The countries covered in the global oil and gas market are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The regions covered in the global oil and gas market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global oil and gas market is segmented - 1) By Type: Oil & Gas Upstream Activities, Oil Downstream Products 2) By Distribution Channel: Supermarkets/Hypermarkets, Convenience Stores, E-Commerce, Others 3) By Nature: Organic, Conventional Subsegments Covered: Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Oil And Gas Wells Drilling Services, Oil And Gas Supporting Activities, Refined Petroleum Products, Asphalt, Lubricating Oil And Grease

The oil and gas upstream activities market consists of sales of crude oil and natural gas by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that undertake the pre-refining activities of crude oil and natural gas production. The oil and gas upstream activities market is segmented into crude oil; natural gas; oil and gas wells drilling services and oil and gas supporting activities. The global oil & gas upstream activities market is expected to grow from $2635.45 billion in 2020 to $3335.52 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26.6%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $4243.14 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Asia Pacific was the largest region in the global oil & gas upstream activities market, accounting for 35% of the market in 2020. North America was the second largest region accounting for 20% of the global market. Africa was the smallest region in the global oil & gas upstream activities market. Oil and gas extraction companies around the world are investing heavily in digital oilfield technology to enhance oil and gas production. Digital oil fields integrate advanced software, hardware, and data analysis techniques to collect real-time data from the oilfield. They consist of visualization, product surveillance, integrated decision making, and remote communication systems. Digital technologies in oil fields include high-performance drill bits, advanced electrical submersible pumps, and 3D seismic imaging and reservoir modelling. Oilfields digitization facilitates efficient utilization of human resources and thus optimizes the profitability of oil production. This technology is changing the competitive landscape with a fact that an increase in production efficiency by ten percentage points can yield an impact of $220 million to $260 million on the bottom-line. According to IHS CERA, digital oilfield implementation leads to increase in oil production by 2 to 8%and reduction in operating expense by 5 to 25% . For Instance, some of the major companies investing in digital oilfields include Noble Corp, Statoil and Apache Corp. Oil and gas well drilling companies are adopting 3D visualization systems to reduce project cycle times and increase drilling accuracy.3D visualization system generates a 3D model of a wellbore and real-time drilling data to monitor and optimize drilling process. This system facilitates automatic diagnosis of drilling problems and improves and streamlines collaboration by allowing geoscientists and drilling engineers to virtually locate, see, and test drilling sites, resulting in significant cost savings of up to20% and reduction in non-productive drilling time by 20%. These systems are integrated with asset teams by means of software, thus facilitating precise and accurate placement of drill sites. For Instance, some of the major companies offering 3D visualization technology companies include eDrilling, Hexagon, Mechdyne and Landmark. Oil and Gas Wells Drilling Service providers are using seismic technology to map and interpret potential hydrocarbon reserves. 4d seismic technology is used to track the change in the physical properties of the reservoir rocks which are caused due to changes in reservoir pressure, temperature and fluid saturation. It tracks these changes by repeating 3D seismic surveys over time-to-time to create a time-lapse or 4D seismic image. These technology works as a tool to minimize drilling risk and maximize the return on investment . For Instance, some of the major companies using this technology include Statoil, NTNU, and Chevron. Major companies in the market include Saudi Aramco; Rosneft; Kuwait Petroleum Corporation; ADNOC; Iraq Ministry of Oil. The countries covered in the global oil & gas upstream activities market are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The regions covered in the global oil & gas upstream activities market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global oil & gas upstream activities market is segmented - 1) By Type: Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Oil And Gas Wells Drilling Services, Oil And Gas Supporting Activities Subsegments Covered: Onshore Drilling Services, Offshore Drilling Services, Well Maintenance, Exploration, Well Developing

The oil and gas wells drilling services market consists of sales of oil and gas wells drilling services by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that undertake oil and gas wells drilling services for others on a contract or fee basis. The oil and gas wells drilling services industry includes contractors specializing in spudding in, drilling in, redrilling, and directional drilling. This market covers outsourced drilling services sold on a contract basis to oil and gas extraction companies and does not include any in-house drilling services of oil and gas extraction companies. The oil and gas wells drilling services market is segmented into onshore drilling services and offshore drilling services. The global oil and gas wells drilling services market is expected to grow from $146.57 billion in 2020 to $183.9 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.5%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $227.77 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 5%. North America was the largest region in the global oil and gas wells drilling services market, accounting for 29% of the market in 2020. Middle East was the second largest region accounting for 16% of the global market. Western Europe was the smallest region in the global oil and gas wells drilling services market. The rapid pace of innovation in the oil and gas exploration and drilling technologies is boosting production volumes and reducing production costs. Technological advances are allowing oil and gas wells drilling companies to enhance oil and gas recovery rates and considerably reduce production costs. For instance, 3D seismic technology is being used to optimize exploration and drilling processes to enhance oil and gas production levels and cut down costs associated with exploration and drilling. Other areas of rapid technological advances in the oil and gas market include hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling. Thus, advancements and innovation in exploration and drilling technologies are expected to drive the oil and gas wells drilling services market during the forecast period. The outbreak of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has acted as a massive restraint on the oil and gas wells drilling services market in 2020 as fears over COVID-19 resulted in lower oil prices, exasperated by a price war when the members of the OPEC cartel were unable to agree on production cuts in February 2020, resulting in a decline in the dollar price of WTI Crude per barrel falling from around $50 to around $25. COVID 19 is an infectious disease with flu-like symptoms including fever, cough, and difficulty in breathing. The virus was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province of the People’s Republic of China and spread globally including Western Europe, North America and Asia. Steps by national governments to contain the transmission have resulted in a decline in economic activity with countries entering a state of lockdown and the outbreak is expected to continue to have a negative impact on businesses throughout 2020 and into 2021. However, it is expected that the oil and gas wells drilling services market will recover from the shock across the forecast period as it is a 'black swan' event and not related to ongoing or fundamental weaknesses in the market or the global economy. In addition, current oil prices are uneconomic for many operators and are likely to result in lower supply in the medium term, as operators cut activity or cease trading, resulting in an upturn in prices. Oil and gas wells drilling companies are adopting 3D visualization systems to reduce project cycle times and increase drilling accuracy. 3D visualization system generates a 3D model of a wellbore and real-time drilling data to monitor and optimize drilling process. This system facilitates automatic diagnosis of drilling problems and improves and streamlines collaboration by allowing geoscientists and drilling engineers to virtually locate, see, and test drilling sites, resulting in significant cost savings of up to 20% and reduction in non-productive drilling time by 20%. These systems are integrated with asset teams by means of software, thus facilitating precise and accurate placement of drill sites. Some of the major companies offering 3D visualization technology companies include eDrilling, Hexagon, Mechdyne, Landmark. The countries covered in the global oil and gas wells drilling services market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. The regions covered in the global oil and gas wells drilling services market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The major players covered in the global oil and gas wells drilling services market are Schlumberger Ltd, Halliburton, Transocean Ltd, Weatherford International plc, Baker Hughes Incorporated. The global oil and gas wells drilling services market is segmented - 1) By Type: Onshore Drilling Services, Offshore Drilling Services

The oil and gas supporting activities market consists of sales of support activities for oil and gas operations by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that provide support activities on a contract or fee basis for oil and gas operations such as exploration, drilling and extraction. The oil and gas supporting activities market is segmented into well maintenance; exploration and well developing. The global oil and gas supporting activities market is expected to grow from $234.03 billion in 2020 to $273.96 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.1%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $332.14 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 5%. North America was the largest region in the global oil and gas supporting activities market, accounting for 29% of the market in 2020. Middle East was the second largest region accounting for 16% of the global market. Western Europe was the smallest region in the global oil and gas supporting activities market. The oil and gas supporting activities market was mainly driven by rapid growth in emerging markets in the historic period. Emerging markets growth was aided by rising disposable income, stable political environment and increasing foreign investments in these countries. For instance, according to the IMF, China’s GDP grew from $11 trillion in 2015 to $13.6 trillion in 2018. Additionally, according to the World Economic Outlook Reports by the IMF, emerging markets and developing economies together registered a growth of 4.0% in 2015 and this increased to 4.5% in 2018. Thus, strong economic growth boosted the demand for oil and gas, and this drove the oil and gas supporting activities market during the historic period. Growing popularity of renewable energy sources was a major restraint on the oil and gas supporting activities market during the historic period. The removal of fuel subsidies by governments and the drop in renewable energy technology and infrastructure costs meant the cost of power generated through solar and wind energy became comparable to the cost of power generated through fossil fuels. Certainty in capital costs and absence of material costs is favorable to renewable energy projects when compared to petrochemical based projects where project ROI (Return on Investment) is dependent on raw material costs, thus affecting the growth of the market. Companies providing support activities for oil and gas operations are using rig-less technology to reduce turnaround time for decommissioning of wells. Rig-less P&A refers to decommissioning of oil wells wherein companies need not replace tubes and drill pipes while placing primary or secondary barriers, thus offering significant cost savings over rig-based operations. Also, the equipment used for rig-less P&A can also be operated at a water depth of 1600 feet. Some of the major companies using rig-less technology include Baker Hughes, Halliburton, Oceaneering International, Schlumberger and Weatherford. The countries covered in the global oil and gas supporting activities market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. The regions covered in the global oil and gas supporting activities market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The major players covered in the global oil and gas supporting activities market are Halliburton, Saipem S p A, Schlumberger Ltd, Baker Hughes Incorporated, Weatherford International plc. The global oil and gas supporting activities market is segmented - 1) By Type: Well Maintenance, Exploration, Well Developing 2) By Drilling Type: Offshore, Onshore

The refined petroleum products market consists of sales of refined petroleum products by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that convert crude petroleum to refined petroleum products such as gasoline, naphtha, diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas and then sell these refined products. Petroleum refineries are large industrial complexes with extensive pipeline networks carrying crude oil and refined petroleum products between sub processing units. Revenues in this market represent the value of the different refined petroleum products. The refined petroleum products market is segmented into diesel; gasoline; fuel oil; kerosene and other refined petroleum products. The global refined petroleum products market is expected to grow from $1787.99 billion in 2020 to $2226.49 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 24.5%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $2744.63 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 5%. Asia Pacific was the largest region in the global refined petroleum products market, accounting for 30% of the market in 2020. Western Europe was the second largest region accounting for 16% of the global market. South America was the smallest region in the global refined petroleum products market. Refineries are increasingly adopting Carbon Capture and Storage techniques to reduce CO2 emission levels in the atmosphere. This technique involves trapping of CO2 at its emission source and transporting it to a different storage location which is actively monitored and measured. This way CO2 is isolated from the atmosphere, thereby reducing emission levels. For instance, Quest, a partnership venture of Shell, Canada Energy and Chevron is fully integrated CCS project that captures CO2 produced from refineries and prevents it from entering the atmosphere by storing it in underground formations. Globally there are about 15 large scale projects and 7 under construction projects with the capacity to capture about 40 million tonnes CO2 per annum, thus indicating the potential of CCS technology in minimizing carbon emissions. For Instance, some of the major companies adopting this technique include ExxonMobil, Port Arthur Refinery, Baytown Refinery, RasTanura Refinery and Garyville Refinery. To reduce the pollution levels, companies have started adopting the gas to liquid technology which produces high quality petroleum products. The gas to liquid technology is the conversion of natural gas to high quality liquid products such as transportation fuels, motor oils, naphtha, diesel and waxes. This technology uses natural gas as a substitute to crude oil as gas is considered to be the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is abundant, versatile and easily affordable. The by- products obtained by using the GTL technology are colorless, odorless and contain negligent amounts of impurities. For Instance, Shell, Chevron and PetroSA have adopted this technology to produce transportation fuels, oils and by products to produce plastics, detergents and cosmetics. The countries covered in the global refined petroleum products market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, Vietnam. The regions covered in the global refined petroleum products market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The major players covered in the global refined petroleum products market are Royal Dutch Shell, Exxon Mobil Corporation, Sinopec Limited, BP Plc, Chevron. The global refined petroleum products market is segmented - 1) By Type: Diesel, Gasoline, Fuel Oil, Kerosene, Other Refined Petroleum Products 2) By Fraction: Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Heavy Oils 3) By Refinery Type: Integrated Refined Petroleum Product, Non-Integrated Refined Petroleum Product 4) By Application: Fuel, Chemical, Others

The oil downstream products market consists of sales of the post extraction activities for crude oil and natural gas by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that provide post extraction activities for crude oil and natural gas, including refined petroleum products manufacturing and asphalt, lubricating oil and grease manufacturing. The oil downstream products market is segmented into refined petroleum products and asphalt, lubricating oil and grease. The global oil downstream products market is expected to grow from $2042.01 billion in 2020 to $2534.61 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 24.1%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The market is expected to reach $3181.88 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 6%. Asia Pacific was the largest region in the global oil downstream products market, accounting for 30% of the market in 2020. North America was the second largest region accounting for 18% of the global market. South America was the smallest region in the global oil downstream products market. The oil downstream activities market was mainly driven by rapid growth in emerging markets in the historic period. Emerging markets growth was aided by rising disposable income, stable political environment and increasing foreign investments in these countries. For instance, according to the IMF, China’s GDP grew from $11 trillion in 2015 to $13.6 trillion in 2018. Additionally, according to the World Economic Outlook Reports by the IMF, emerging markets and developing economies together registered a growth of 4.0% in 2015 and this increased to 4.5% in 2018 . Thus, strong economic growth boosted the demand for products such as diesel, gasoline, asphalt and this drove the oil downstream activities market during the historic period. Disruption in supply of oil in certain markets due to political instability and extremism was one of the major factors affecting the growth of global oil downstream activities market. Oil supplies from major crude oil exporters such as Libya, Iraq, Nigeria and Columbia were getting disrupted due to political instability and terrorist attacks on oil and gas wells and refineries, thus affecting the growth of the market. For instance, Nigeria and Columbia constituted 74% of all attacks on oil and gas assets in 2016 , thereby causing significant disruption to oil and gas supplies. To reduce the pollution levels, companies have started adopting the gas to liquid technology which produce high quality petroleum products. The gas to liquid technology is the conversion of natural gas to high quality liquid products such as transportation fuels, motor oils, naphtha, diesel and waxes. This technology uses natural gas as a substitute to crude oil as gas and is considered to be the cleanest burning fossil fuel and is abundant, versatile and easily affordable. The by- products obtained by using the GTL technology are colorless, odorless and contain negligent amounts of impurities. For Instance, Shell , Chevron and PetroSA have adopted this technology to produce transportation fuels, oils and by products to produce plastics, detergents and cosmetics. Major companies in the market include Royal Dutch Shell; Exxon Mobil Corporation; China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation; BP Plc; Chevron. The countries covered in the global oil downstream products market are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The regions covered in the global oil downstream products market are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The global oil downstream products market is segmented - 1) By Type: Refined Petroleum Products, Asphalt, Lubricating Oil And Grease Subsegments Covered: Diesel, Gasoline, Fuel Oil, Kerosene, Other Refined Petroleum Products, Asphalt, Other Petroleum Products

The oil downstream activities market consists of sales of the post extraction activities for crude oil and natural gas by entities (organizations, sole traders or partnerships) that provide post extraction activities for crude oil and natural gas, including refined petroleum products manufacturing and asphalt, lubricating oil and grease manufacturing.