Healthcare Services Industry Overview

The home health care and residential nursing care services market consists of sales of home health care and residential nursing care services and related goods by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that provide home health care and residential nursing care, including personal services, counselling services, vocational therapies, rest home services, social services, and nutritional services. The main types of home health care and residential nursing care services are home health care providers, retirement communities, nursing care facilities, and orphanages and group homes. A nursing care facility is an in-patient rehabilitation and medical treatment institution staffed by qualified medical personnel. The different expenditure types include public and private which are used by male and female. The global home health care and residential nursing care services market size is expected to grow from $1004.12 billion in 2021 to $1102.28 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.8%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The home health care and residential nursing care services market is expected to reach $1517.16 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 8.3%. Access to health care services is expected to improve in developing countries, driving the nursing care market in those geographies. Effective implementation of health plans is the core reason for the improvement in healthcare access in many developing countries such as India, China and Latin American countries. Some country-specific health reforms which were set to improve healthcare access include China’s Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance and New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance schemes, Brazil’s Unified Health System and Mexico’s Popular Health Insurance. Improvement in healthcare access is expected to have a positive impact on the growth of the home health care and residential nursing care services market. The home health care and residential nursing care services market is expected to be limited by a shortage of trained doctors, consultants, nurses and caregivers in both developed and developing countries. Developing countries face a high shortage of healthcare professionals as demand for nursing care rises. For example, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), there will be a shortage of 18 million health workers by 2030, with the majority of these personnel coming from low- and lower-middle-income countries. Developed nations are also experiencing a similar crisis. According to a 2019 report by the Association of American Medical Colleges, the United States could face a physician shortfall of between 37,800 and 124,000 by 2034. This is mainly due to the lack of right skills, and lack of education and right work experience among the candidates. Going forward, the shortage of healthcare personnel is likely to continue to act as a restraint on the home health care and residential nursing care services market. The nursing care industry is adopting big data technologies to monitor patients’ health and offer appropriate care. Big data is large amounts of data that can be analyzed to gain insights and drive decision-making. Big data allows the nursing care providers to access to a significant amount of data that can be used to aid health care professionals to identify future health risks and suggest suitable remedies. Home care providers can also use this data to identify the irregularities in the treatment of patients and improve the effectiveness of the treatment. For example, MJHS, a leading home care, palliative and hospice provider in the US has adopted eCaring, a big data technology solution, to monitor a patient’s health every hour and track individual patient behaviors and health outcomes. Major companies in the home healthcare and residential nursing care services market include UnitedHealth Group Incorporated, Kaiser Permanente, Encompass Home Health, Orpea, Genesis Healthcare, Brookdale Senior Living, Golden Living, The Ensign Group, Inc, LHC Group and Amedisys Inc. Western Europe was the largest region in the home health care and residential nursing care services market in 2021. North America was the second largest region in the home health care and residential nursing care services market. The regions covered in this report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the home health care and residential nursing care services market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, and Vietnam. The global home health care and residential nursing care services market is segmented - 1) By Type: Home Health Care Providers, Retirement Communities, Nursing Care Facilities, Orphanages and Group Homes 2) By End-User Sex: Male, Female 3) By Type of Expenditure: Public, Private Subsegments Covered: Home Health Care Agencies, Visiting Nurses, In-Home Hospice Care Services, Assisted Living Facilities Without On-Site Nursing Care, Assisted Living Facilities for the Elderly Without Nursing Care, Continuing Care Retirement Communities, Rest Homes Without Nursing Care.

The medical and diagnostic laboratory services market consists of sales of medical and diagnostic laboratory services and related goods by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that provide diagnostics tests for various diseases. This industry includes CT scan centers, X-ray centers and other clinics that undertake disease diagnosis. The main types of medical and diagnostic laboratory services are diagnostic imaging centers, and medical laboratory services. A diagnostic imaging center is a service provider that offers technical or comprehensive diagnostic imaging services. The different expenditure types include public and private that are used in various applications such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, orthopedics, gastroenterology, gynecology, and others. The services are used by male and female. The global medical and diagnostic laboratory services market size is expected to grow from $152.68 billion in 2021 to $170.17 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.5%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The medical and diagnostic laboratory services market is expected to reach $248.64 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 9.9%. The rise in sedentary jobs, busy lifestyles and changing consumer preferences are affecting the disease profile of the world population, especially non-communicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Long working hours, less physical activity, and unhealthy eating and drinking habits are major causes of chronic diseases such as diabetes. According to the World Health Organization, chronic disease prevalence rose by 57% globally, in 2020. Tests to diagnose these diseases include HbA1c tests for monitoring diabetes, biopsies, tumor marker tests, bone scans, MRI and CT scans for diagnosis of various cancers, electrocardiograms, chest X-rays, cardiac CT scans and stress tests for detection of cardiovascular diseases. The increase in the prevalence of lifestyle diseases will increase the demand for tests to diagnose these diseases and thus will drive the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market during the forecast period. The medical and diagnostic laboratory services market is expected to limit by the rising prevalence of self-care diagnostic equipment. These tools can be used by patients without assistance from medical personnel, to diagnose particular disabilities or disorders. Common self-care diagnostic devices include glucose monitoring devices, blood pressure monitoring devices, sleep apnea monitors and temperature monitors. The ease of use of self-care devices has increased demand for them during the last decade and is expected to increase it further during the forecast period. Some virtual applications are also aiding in diagnosis of certain health conditions. For instance, iPhone is working on an IOS accessory called Cue, which can be used as a home diagnostic kit. Self-care diagnostics is expected to have a negative impact on traditional medical and diagnostic laboratory services market during the forecast period by reducing the need for laboratory testing for some basic tests. Medical and diagnostic laboratories are using biomarkers to measure health parameters associated with individual wellness. The health and wellbeing of individuals can be measured by using biomarkers to assess factors behind sleep disorders and symptoms of stress. Biomarkers such as cortisol, testosterone, and secretory IgA can indicate changes in immune system relating to physical and mental conditions. This can be used by physicians to know the causative factors behind such conditions. This is a premium service primarily targeted at wealthy individuals and senior employees of corporations. Major companies in the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market include Laboratory Corporation of America, Eurofins, Quest Diagnostics Incorporated, Sonic Healthcare Limited, Kaiser Permanente, RadNet, OPKO Health, Myriad Genetics, Charles River Laboratories, Inc., and NeoGenomics Laboratories, Inc. North America was the largest region in the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market in 2021. Asia Pacific was the second largest region in the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market. The regions covered in the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa. The countries covered in the medical and diagnostic laboratory services market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, and Vietnam. The global medical and diagnostic laboratory services market is segmented - 1) By Type: Diagnostic Imaging Centers, Medical Laboratory Services 2) By Application: Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology, Orthopedics, Gastroenterology, Gynecology, Others 3) By End-User Sex: Male, Female 4) By Type of Expenditure: Public, Private Subsegments Covered: Computer Tomography (CT-Scan) Centers, Medical Radiological Laboratories, Dental or Medical X-Ray Laboratories, Ultrasound Imaging Centers, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Centers

The physicians and other health practitioners market consists of sales of physician and other health practitioners' services and related goods by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that provide medical care services. This industry includes specialist doctors such as psychiatrists, psychologists and others that provide palliative care, treating psychosomatic disorders, mental disorders and others. It also includes primary care doctors and other physical therapists providing treatment in therapy areas such as cardiology, dermatology, neurology, gynecology, anesthesia and others. The main types of physicians and other practitioners are specialist doctors, primary care doctors, podiatrists, physical therapists, optometrists, and chiropractors. Optometrists are primary health care professionals who are skilled to evaluate the eyes for vision deficiencies, symptoms of injury, ocular diseases or abnormalities, and general health issues. The different expenditure types include public and private that are used by male and female. The global physicians and other health practitioners market size is expected to grow from $1382.18 billion in 2021 to $1502.43billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.7%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The physicians and other health practitioners market is expected to reach $1980.99 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 7.2%. The physicians and other health practitioners market growth is aided by stable economic growth forecasted in many developed and developing countries. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that the global GDP growth will be 3.3% in 2020 and 3.4% in 2021. Recovering commodity prices, after a significant decline in the historic period is further expected to aid the physicians and other health practitioners market growth. Developed economies are also expected to register stable growth during the forecast period. Additionally, emerging markets are expected to continue to grow slightly faster than the developed markets in the forecast period. Stable economic growth is expected to increase investments in end user markets, thereby driving the physicians and other health practitioners market during forecast period. Inadequate public health insurance is one of the major barriers for the growth of the overall healthcare industry. Lack of public health insurance coverage makes it difficult for patients to obtain health services. According to a recent report released by WHO and the World Bank, 400 million people do not have access to essential health services and 6% of people in low- and middle-income countries were tipped into or pushed further into extreme poverty because of health spending. Inadequate pubic health insurance schemes in certain developing economies will be a major barrier for proper health protection and will restrain growth of the physicians and other health practitioners market during the forecast period. Physicians and other health practitioners are increasingly using e-prescriptions to reduce errors and improve service quality. Electronic prescribing or e-prescribing (e-Rx) is the computer-based electronic generation, transmission and filling of a medical prescription. E-prescribing allows a physician, pharmacist, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant to electronically transmit a new prescription or renewal authorization to a community or mail-order pharmacy. E-prescribing is beneficial to physicians as it reduces errors due to handwritten prescriptions. The E-prescribing trend provides scope for improving physicians and other health professionals’ service quality. Major companies in the physicians and other health practitioners market include IHH Healthcare, MEDNAX, Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, NHS England, US Physical Therapy, Henry Schein, Inc., Healthway Medical Corp Ltd, and Universal Health Services. North America was the largest region in the physicians and other health practitioners market in 2021. Asia Pacific was the second largest region in the physicians and other health practitioners market. The regions covered in the physicians and other health practitioners market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the physicians and other health practitioners market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, and Vietnam. The global physicians and other health practitioners market is segmented - 1) By Type: Specialist Doctors, Primary Care Doctors, Podiatrists, Physical Therapists, Optometrists, Chiropractors 2) By End-User Sex: Male, Female 3) By Type of Expenditure: Public, Private Subsegments Covered: Doctors of Osteopathy, Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Other Healthcare Providers, Anesthesiologists, Cardiologists, Dermatologists, Obstetricians/ Gynecologists, Geriatricians, Neurologists, Neuropathologists, Pediatricians, Radiologists, Other Primary Care Doctors, General Podiatry, Podiatric Surgery, Podiatric Sports Medicine, Podopaediatrics

The ambulance services market consists of sales of ambulance services and related goods by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that provide ambulance services for emergency access to healthcare in response to emergency calls, urgent doctor admissions and emergency hospital transfers. The main types of ambulance services are ground ambulance services, air ambulance services, and water ambulance services. An air ambulance is a specifically designed helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft that delivers injured or sick persons during a medical emergency or across long distances or difficult terrain. The various types of ownership include chained and standalone and different types of expenditure are public and private. The services are used by men and women. The global ambulance services market size is expected to decline from $60.35 billion in 2021 to $66.98 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11%. The change in the ambulance services market growth trend is mainly due to the companies stabilizing their output after catering to the demand that grew exponentially during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The ambulance services market is expected to reach $96.28 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 9.5%. Changes in lifestyles and an increase in sedentary jobs are transforming the disease profile of the world population demanding for ambulance services. For instance, according to the American heart Association’s Heart & Stroke Statistics 2020, in the US, there are about 356,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) per year, with approximately 90% of them being fatal. Change in lifestyle increase the incidence of cardiac arrests and thereby drive the demand for ambulance services market. Many federal and state governments are either offering subsidized or free healthcare services to their citizens. Since most of the governments are offering quality healthcare services for free or subsidized rates, patients tend to opt for government healthcare services thereby, limiting the scope for private healthcare service providers. For example, the NHS (National Health Service) of the UK offers free healthcare services to all legal residents and visitors. Going forward, federal and state provisions are expected to be a major restraint on the healthcare services market. Digitalization of information related to patients including their medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, immunization dates, allergies, radiology images, and laboratory and test results is being made possible with Electronic Health Records (EHRs). EHRs increase patient participation, and improve diagnostic and treatment outcomes. Adoption of EHRs by medical practitioners and healthcare centers improves medical practice management by increasing practice efficiencies. It also aids in cost savings. Major companies in the ambulance services market include American Medical Response, Inc., Providence Service Corporation, Falck AS, Air Methods Corporation, Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, Acadian Ambulance Service, Inc., and NHS England. Western Europe was the largest region in the ambulance services market in 2021. North America was the second largest region in the ambulance services market. Africa was the smallest region in the ambulance services market. The regions covered in the ambulance services market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the ambulance services market are Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Venezuela, and Vietnam. The global ambulance services market is segmented - 1) By Type: Ground Ambulance Services, Air Ambulance Services, Water Ambulance Services 2) By End-User Sex: Male, Female 3) By Type of Expenditure: Public, Private 4) By Ownership: Chained, Standalone

The 3D cell culture technologies market consists of sales of 3D cell culture technologies and related services. Some of the 3D cell culture technologies include microfluidics, hydrogels scaffolds, scaffold-free 3D cell culture techniques, spheroids, cube, spherical droplet, stacked plate, magnetic bead, organ-on-chips and other technologies. The 3D cell culture technologies market does not include sales of cell culture consumables and instruments. The main types of 3D cell culture technologies are scaffold-based, scaffold-free, and 3D bioreactors. The 3D bioreactors are small plastic cylinder chambers designed specifically for growing cells in three dimensions. The various scaffold-based technologies include hydrogels, polymeric scaffolds, micropatterned surface microplates and the different scaffold-free technologies are hanging drop microplates, spheroid microplates, microfluidic 3d cell culture, magnetic levitation and 3D bioprinting. The technologies are applied for cancer research, stem cell research, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine that are used by research laboratories and institutes, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, hospitals and diagnostic centers, and other end users. The global 3D cell culture technologies market size is expected to grow from $2.03 billion in 2021 to $2.39 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18.0%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The 3D cell culture technologies market is expected to reach $4.71 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 18.5%. The increasing requirement for organ transplantation is driving the 3D Cell Culture Technologies Market. 3D cell culture helps in forming a three-dimensional structure which further helps in mimicking the tissue or organ and therefore helps in organ transplantation. 3D cell structures are capable of tissue and organ regeneration as well as providing the provision for drug toxicology screening. According to the U.S. government information on organ donation and transplantation, 39,718 transplants were performed in 2019 and above 109,000 people are waiting for the transplant as of September 2020. The possibility of contaminating the cells is restricting the 3D Cell Culture technologies market. Contamination of the cell culture refers to the presence of bacteria, moulds, yeasts, viruses, and mycoplasma that can adversely affect the cell culture. Contamination usually occurs when the cells are mishandled or due to the lack of adequate care, as a result the process of regeneration may get affected. According to a study conducted by Yale and Tuff's university, it was found that 3D cultures are more complex than 2D cell cultures and they require a more controlled cellular environment in order to mimic structures for tissue or organ transplants. Therefore, probability of cell culture contamination is relatively higher in 3D cell cultures. Implementing the latest technology is the latest trend in the 3D Cell culture market. For example, various companies have adopted one such advancement into the market for 3D cell culture, this is the use of the vivo/vitro environment. Cell expansion and interactions under 2D are not appropriate in vitro models but when compared with 3D cell culture technique, it offers a better cell culture environment. The Vitro environment enables researchers or doctors to conduct the procedure in a controlled environment outside the organism. This procedure is gaining importance as it plays a vital role in monitoring the health of patients. FDA approved Biotek's 3D cell expansion system to be used as a medical device. It also approved Biotek's Polycaprolactone (PCL) which is a biodegradable polyester material that is used in many FDA approved implants and drug delivery devices. FDA regulates the cell culture technologies under title 21, sec 864.2240. FDA states that cell and tissue culture technologies should be labelled or mentioned as sterile, or else they would be removed from the good manufacturing practice of the quality system. Each technology unit should maintain procedures to receive, review, and evaluate complaints. These procedures should also include the consistent documentation of the receipts. In May 2021, CELLINK Group, a USA-based startup that designs and supplies technologies and services to enhance biology research, has acquired Visikol Corporation for $7.5 million. With this acquisition, CELLINK made an entrance into the contract research market. Visikol Corp., an American contract research services company that provides pharma and biotech industries with leading services in 3D cell culture, 3D tissue imaging, multiplex imaging, and digital pathology. Major players in the 3D cell culture technologies market are Becton Dickinson, Corning Incorporation, Eppendorf, GE Healthcare, Merck KGaA, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Lonza, HiMedia Laboratories, Agilent Technologies, PromoCell GmbH, CellGenix GmbH, InvivoGen, Greiner Bio-One, Irvine Scientific, Cell Culture Company (CCC) LLC, Sera Care Life Sciences Incorporation, American Type Culture Collection, Miltenyi Biotec, AITbiotech, ESSEN, Sigma-Aldrich, Bel-Art, MilliporeSigma, Cellgenix, Sumitomo Bakelite, EMD Millipore, AffymetrixInc, VWR International, LLC, WHEATON IndustriesInc, and Sartorius AG. The regions covered in the 3D cell culture technologies market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the 3D cell culture technologies market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global 3D cell culture technologies market is segmented - 1) By Type: Scaffold-Based, Scaffold-Free, 3D Bioreactors 2) By End Users: Research Laboratories and Institutes, Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies, Hospitals and Diagnostic Centers, Other End Users 3) By Scaffold-Based: Hydrogels, Polymeric Scaffolds, Micropatterned Surface Microplates 4) By Scaffold-Free: Hanging Drop Microplates, Spheroid Microplates, Microfluidic 3D Cell Culture, Magnetic Levitations and 3D Bioprinting 5) By Application: Cancer Research, Stem Cell Research, Drug Discovery, Regenerative Medicine

The bioinformatics market consists of sales of bioinformatics and related services. Bioinformatics combines computer programming, information engineering, mathematics, and statistics to analyze biological data for drug discovery and for preclinical studies. The main product and service types of bioinformatics are knowledge management tools, data analysis platforms, and services. Knowledge management tools are technologies used by organizations to share information both internally and externally. The various applications include metabolomics, molecular phylogenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, chemoinformatics, genomics, others that are used by pharmaceutics, animal study, agriculture, forensic science, and other end users. The global bioinformatics market size is expected to grow from $11.55 billion in 2021 to $13.02 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.7%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The bioinformatics market is expected to reach $21.32 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 13.1%. Increasing demand for protein sequencing is driving growth in the bioinformatics market. Protein sequencing refers to the process of determining the sequence of amino acids in all or part of the proteins present in DNA, based on which specific functions, activities, origin or localization of the protein is determined. Protein sequencing helps analysts to understand the distribution of amino acids along the sequences and the structure of proteins. With bioinformatics methods and databases, capacity, structure and developmental history of proteins can be effectively identified. The demand for protein sequencing is expected to grow on account of factors such as advancements in clinical mass spectrometry and analytical techniques, and significant adoption of target-based drug development by pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. For instance, in 2021, the total number of protein sequences in UniProtKB, which is a freely accessible database of protein sequence and functional information, increased to approximately 190 million. Lack of interoperability among various available data formats is acting as a restraint on the bioinformatics market. Various data formats come with differences in structures of data. There are numerous protein databases available through various resources, and each database chooses to represent proteins in a different format. Also, different data models such as object data model or relational data model are used while collecting data. Therefore, the problem of interoperability arises when a researcher tries to integrate the results of unique databases present in different data formats. Various data formats available for bioinformatics include Compressed Row Storage (CRS), Sparse Vector, Avro, Parquet and ORC (Optimized Row Compressed). According to a report by Pharmaphorum, an estimated 80% of the researchers’ time is spent on data grooming and only 20% on actual data analysis. This is essentially due to the lack of standardized file types and inconsistent data formatting, which means that every new program results in a new data format. The interoperability issues arising from the use of multiple data formats is affecting market growth. Companies in the bioinformatics market are increasingly investing in the research and development of nanopore sequncing technology. Nanopore sequencing is a single molecule DNA sequencing technology which eliminates the need for Polymerase Chain Reaction or chemical labelling of the sample. This technology passes ionic current through nanopores (a pore of nanometer size) and when the biological molecules pass through the nanopores or near to it then this technology measures the changes in current which can be used to identify the molecule. Nanopore sequencing technology offers high throughput, low cost, longer reads (Sequence of a section of a unique fragment) to the analyst and helps in the collection of data which is an essential part of bioinformatics. For instance, in 2020, Oxford Nanopore Technologies raised $109.5 million to support the ramp of commercial and manufacturing operations and to further develop its nanopore technology. The bioinformatics market is governed by various regulatory bodies for quality and compliance of bioinformatics platforms. For instance, in India, the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), set up by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, regulates the bioinformatics market. BIRAC introduces Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) as a measure of estimating the maturity of technology while in the evaluation phases until these technologies are complete to be offered commercially. The TRL scale provides 9 technology readiness levels with TRL1 being the stage when the technology is ideated, and TRL9 being the stage when the technology is ready for commercial use. The manufacturers have to get past TRL9 to have their product available commercially and ready to be marketed. These TRL's consist of various levels of compliance and processes that the manufacturers must adhere to. The bioinformatics platform is evaluated for quality, feasibility, data privacy and protection as per international standards. In September 2020, APIS Assay Technologies Ltd, a UK based Biotechnology company acquired BeoGenomics for an undisclosed amount. With the addition of Beogenomics’ proven expertise in bioinformatics APIS Assay Technologies Ltd can more effectively capture the exciting opportunities presented in the bioinformatics space. BeoGenomics, a USA based bioinformatics company that focuses on NGS, SNP chip and GeneChip genomic data processing and analysis. Major players in the bioinformatics market are Agilent Technologies, Illumina, QIAGEN, Affymetrix, Thermo Fisher Scientific, BGI, Dassault Systems, Eurofins scientific, Bruker Daltonics, Biomax Informatix, DNASTAR, Partek, Geneva Bioinformatics, Perkinelmer Inc., Accelrys, SA Nonlinear Dynamics, Quest Diagnostics, Sophia Genetics, Waters Corporation, Permin Elmer Inc., Applied Biologicals Materials., Life Technologies, PerkinElmer, Waters Corporation, Sophia Genetics, Celera, Tripos, LP, Helicos Biosciences Incorporation, and IBM Life Sciences. The regions covered in the bioinformatics market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, and Africa. The countries covered in the bioinformatics market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global bioinformatics market is segmented - 1) By Products and Serivces: Knowledge Management Tools, Data Analysis Platforms, Services 2) By Application: Metabolomics, Molecular Phylogenetics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Chemoinformatics, Genomics, Others 3) By End Users: Pharmaceutics, Animal Study, Agriculture, Forensic Science, Other End Users

The gene editing market consists of sales of gene editing technology such as CRISPR/CAS9, zinc finger nucleus, and talens and related services. Gene editing technology allows genetic material to change genetic code at particular location in a genome. It involves cell line engineering, animal genetic engineering and plant genetic engineering. The main technology types of gene editing are CRISPR, TALEN, and ZFN. CRISPR is a novel technology that allows geneticists and medical researchers to edit parts of the genome by removing, inserting, or modifying DNA sequences. The various application includes biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and contract research organization that are used by animal genetic engineering, plant genetic engineering, and cell line engineering. The global gene editing market size is expected to grow from $5.41 billion in 2021 to $6.35 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.2%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The gene editing market is expected to reach $12.04 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 17.4%. The rising infectious diseases acts as one of the major drivers of the gene editing market. Gene editing techniques are used for detection of infectious diseases such as HIV. Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Gene therapy treats the infectious diseases by blocking the replication of the infectious agent that causes the disease at the extracellular level. Gene editing introduces new genetic material into the cells of living organisms with the intention of treating the diseases. Infectious diseases are constantly on the rise. For instance, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), infectious diseases kill more than 17 million people per year. In addition to that, according to the AP-NORC (a research initiative by the Associated Press and the University of Chicago) survey, out of 1,067 adults in the US surveyed, 71% are in favor of gene editing for the treatment of incurable, hereditary diseases such as Huntington’s disease and 67% of Americans support the use of gene editing to prevent diseases such as cancer. Ethical issues in general public with respect to gene editing is one of the major restraining factors for the market. Many researchers and ethicist have argued against gene editing due to different reasons such as off-target effect (edits in the wrong place), mosaicism (when only some of the cells carry the edits) and safety concerns. Some even argued that gene editing will lead to the creation of classes of individuals who will be genetically modified to be able to do things that a normal human being is not supposed to do according to the laws of nature. Due to these reasons, gene editing is still not considered to be safe and effective by many nations and international organizations. For instance, in 2019, as per the article published in TIME, scientists from Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, New Zealand, and the USA have proposed a temporary prohibition on research on gene editing on human eggs, embryos, and sperms. Gene editing (also called genome editing) is a group of technologies that allow the researchers to change an organism's DNA by adding, removing or altering genetic material at particular locations in the genome. The emergence of advanced genome editing techniques is one of the major trends in the gene editing market. The new techniques in genome editing are relatively inexpensive and can be used in a variety of application areas such as improving the food supply in agriculture, rectifying specific genetic mutations in the human genome and preventing the spread of diseases. For instance, CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene editing technique and stands for Clustered Regularly Interspace Short Palindromic Repeats. The technique uses a strand of DNA as molecular scissors used to make cuts in DNA at specific points to make space to add new genomes. This technique is faster, cheaper, more accurate and efficient than other existing genome editing methods. Companies investing in CRISPR technology are Crispr therapeutics (CRSP), Intellia Therapeutics (NTLA), and Editas medicine. European regulatory framework divided gene therapy into two categories, germline gene therapy, and somatic gene therapy. In germ line gene therapy, modified genes will be passed on to next generations whereas it’s not the same case with somatic gene therapy. Current regulation by the EU has only allowed somatic gene therapy, therefore, germline gene therapy is banned. The European Medical Association provides guidelines on gene therapy for preparing market authorization application to obtain approval from the authority to carry on research and development activities in gene therapy. For instance, the EU provides guidance note on gene therapy medicinal product which is intended for use in humans, defines scientific principles and provide guidance for development and evaluation of gene therapy products. In December 2020, AnGes MG, Inc., a Japan based biopharmaceutical company that offers nucleic acid drugs for patients with asthma, allergy, and rheumatism acquired Emendo Bio, Inc for $250M. This acquisition will expand AnGes MG, Inc. pipeline and partnerships and introduce gene editing capabilities. Emendo Bio, Inc, a USA based company that develops next generation gene editing tools for genetic disorders, addressing the current technological gaps for realizing the promise of gene therapy. Major players in the gene editing market are CRISPR, GenScript USA Inc, Horizon Discovery Group plc, Integrated DNA Technologies, New England Biolabs, OriGene Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Merck KgaA, GenScript Corporation, Editas Medicine, Lonza Group, Sangamo, DNA 2.0, Bio RAD, Allele, Addgene, Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Transposagen Biopharmaceuticals, Recombinetics, Precision Biosciences, Promega, Juno Therapeutics, Intellia Therapeutics, Qiagen, GE Healthcare Lonza, Cellectis, Dharmacon, AstraZeneca, and Agilent Technologies. The regions covered in the gene editing market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the gene editing market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global gene editing market is segmented - 1) By Technology: CRISPR, TALEN, ZFN 2) By End User: Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical, Contract Research Organization 3) By Application: Animal Genetic Engineering, Plant Genetic Engineering, Cell Line Engineering

The non-invasive prenatal testing market consists of sales of non-invasive prenatal testing kits, instruments and related services. Non-invasive prenatal testing kits and equipment are used to diagnose genetic abnormalities, mainly chromosome defects in fetus in first trimester of pregnancy. Non-invasive prenatal testing includes ultrasound detection, fetal cells in maternal blood tests, cell-free DNA in maternal plasma tests and biochemical screening tests. The main types of non-invasive prenatal testing are consumables, and instruments. Consumables are products that are used up or depleted throughout their use. The various instrument used are NGS systems, PCR instruments, microarrays, ultrasound devices, and others (centrifuges, UV systems, incubators, microscopes) and the different consumables include assay kits and reagents, disposables. The applications involve trisomy, microdeletion, genetics, Rh factor that are used by hospital and diagnostic labs. The global non-invasive prenatal testing market size is expected to grow from $3.67 billion in 2021 to $4.21 billion in 2022 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.8%. The growth in the market is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The non-invasive prenatal testing market is expected to reach $7.34 billion in 2026 at a CAGR of 14.9%. High incidence rate of Down syndrome is one major factor driving non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) market with increase in average maternal age which has led to a concern on the safety about the growth of the fetus. Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition that occurs when an error in cell division results in an extra chromosome 21 and can affect the fetus cognitive ability and physical growth. The NIPT screening tests do not harm the mother or baby, carries no risk of miscarriage as they are non-invasive, and can detect more than 99% of cases of Down syndrome. According to National Down Syndrome Society and Centres for Disease control and Prevention, in the USA, 1 in every 700 babies are born with Down syndrome and 80% of children with Down syndrome are born to older mothers. The increased risk of having babies with Down syndrome among older women drives the non-invasive prenatal testing market. The ethical hurdles in the non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) market have led to a range of ethical issues in terms of sex selection or aborting babies with chromosomal abnormality. Determining the sex of the fetus or knowing if the baby has an abnormality at an earlier stage led to abortions and resulted as an ethical issue which further led to strict regulations on using such devices. According to Department of Health & Social Care (UK), in 2019, there were 207,384 abortions in England and Wales from which 3,183 abortions performed due to fetal abnormality and 10% of the such abortions were performed under 13 weeks of pregnancy. These hurdles will restrain the non-invasive prenatal testing market. Next generation sequencing has increased the throughput, scalability, and speed, and further enables researchers to perform a wide range of applications and study biological systems at a higher level. Next generation sequencing is a platform that has enabled sequencing of thousands to millions of DNA molecules simultaneously. The manufacturers have introduced this technology to reduce the time and money required and optimizes the output to generate results regarding genome, DNA testing. Major companies such as Illumina, Eurofins, Natera, Roche, and Annoroad have implemented this technology in non-invasive prenatal testing. CFDA (China Food and Drug Administration) has approved the medical instrument product registration of NGS instrument NextSeq 550AR produced by Annoroad. The non-invasive prenatal testing market is regulated by several regulations that are governed by multiple international and country specific agencies. For instance, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that issues Laboratory Developed Tests (LDTs) certification and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certification. The manufacturer needs to obtain a 510(k) premarket notification for in vitro diagnostic test. LDTs and CLIA certification are based on number of tests done during clinical trials. For example: For trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), there is an incidence of 1/1000. Given a target of 100 positive results, at least 100,000 samples would have to be tested to meet the requirements of a 510k. A 510k premarket notification demonstrates that the new product is at least as safe and effective as another legally-marketed device. It is mandatory for manufacturers to register a premarket notification before a new product can be certified as fit for market commercially. In June 2019, Invitae, a USA based medical genetics company acquired Singular Bio for $55M. This acquisition will further strengthen Invitae's ability to bring genetic information into mainstream medical care. Singular Bio, a USA based company specializing in single-molecule, cell-free DNA analysis that it is developing for non-invasive prenatal testing. Major players in the non-invasive prenatal testing market are F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, IlluminaInc., Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, NateraInc., PerkinElmerInc., Quest Diagnostics Incorporated, Agilent TechnologiesInc, BGI Diagnosis, Berry Genomics Co., Ltd, LifeCodexx AG, Myriad GeneticsInc., NIPD Genetics, SequenomInc., Annoroad Gene Technology, Centogene AG, CounsylInc., EUROFINS Genoma Group, Eurofins Scientific, Next Biosciences, Premaitha Health Plc, Ariosa Diagnostics (Roche), Premaitha Health, Beijing Genomics Institute, Yourgene Health PLC, GE Healthcare, Koninklijke Philips N.V., Thermo Fisher ScientificInc., Pacific Biosciences of CaliforniaInc., and QIAGEN N.V. The regions covered in the non-invasive prenatal testing market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the non-invasive prenatal testing market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global non-invasive prenatal testing market is segmented - 1) By Type: Consumables, Instruments 2) By End User: Hospital, Diagnostic Labs 3) By Instruments: NGS Systems, PCR Instruments, Microarrays, Ultrasound Devices, Others (Centrifuges, UV Systems, Incubators, Microscopes) 4) By Consumables: Assay Kits and Reagents, Disposables 5) By Application: Trisomy, Microdeletion, Genetics, Rh Factor