Healthcare Services Industry Overview

The mycoplasma testing market consists of sales of mycoplasma testing services and related products by entities (organizations, sole traders, and partnerships) that provide mycoplasma testing to detect mycoplasma pneumoniae, which causes mycoplasma pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumonia is a contagious respiratory infection that spreads easily through contact with respiratory fluids. It can cause epidemics. Mycoplasma testing includes a group of tests that measures antibodies in the blood produced in response to a mycoplasma infection and detects the microbe directly through detecting or culturing its genetic material (DNA) in a body sample. The main types of mycoplasma testing technologies include polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enzymatic methods, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) staining. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detects mycoplasma species using primers specific for mycoplasma DNA, usually mycoplasma 16S rRNA genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detects the presence of mycoplasma using either antibodies, or labeled probes for the mycoplasma 16S rRNA genes. Enzymatic methods use a sample of the suspected cell culture which converts ADP to ATP using mycoplasmal enzymes. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) staining detects the mycoplasma strain M. hyorhinis by growing a sample of suspected cell cultures with Vero cells, and staining the cells for DNA using a fluorescent dye. The different products in mycoplasma testing include instruments, assay, kits, and reagents. Mycoplasma testing is applied in cell line testing, virus testing, and end- of- production cell testing and is used by pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies, cell banks & laboratories, contract research organizations, academic research institutes. The global mycoplasma testing market is expected to grow from $0.64 billion in 2020 to $0.72 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.4%. The growth is mainly due to a growing demand for these type of tests owing to an increase in spread of mycoplasma pneumonia. The mycoplasma testing market is expected to reach $1.14 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 12.38%. The prevalence of mycoplasma pneumonia co-infection among patients with COVID-19 is expected to boost the market for mycoplasma testing in the forecast period. The presence of co-infection of M. pneumonia increases the need to test patients with COVID-19, increasing demand for routine diagnostic tests for respiratory pathogens like M. pneumonia. The coinfections in COVID-19 cases has a significant probability of them being caused by Mycoplasma pneuminiae. For instance, according to a 2020 study published in the Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences, the co-infection due to M. pneumonia varied between 1 and 40.6% depending on the population and diagnostic tests used and the combined prevalence of M. pneumoniae co-infection among patients with COVID-19 was reported by 17%. The lack of skilled/trained molecular biologists is expected to restrain the growth of the market in the forecast period. Mycoplasma testing requires specialized skillsets relating to life sciences, pharmaceuticals, electronics and software. These skillsets are available to a limited number of organizations, most of which are located in the USA and Europe. Lack of trained manpower capable of performing the molecular biology experiments and interpreting the results is a major limitation in the testing and confinement of COVID-19 in developing countries. For the few laboratory experts present in these countries, priority is given to other medical emergencies such as heart attacks and road accidents. This shortage of skilled labor is expected to be a significant deterrent to the growth of the market during the forecast period. Major players operating in the market are undertaking various strategic investments such as the launch of innovative products, research and development advancements, and technological innovations, which are gaining significant popularity in the mycoplasma testing market. Companies are introducing new innovative products to meet the requirements of end-users and expand the consumer base to survive in the competitive business environment. For instance, in July 2020, bioMérieux, a France-based biotechnology company introduced Bio Fire Mycoplasma, an advanced test used for bio-therapeutics including hormones, antibodies, gene, and cell therapies for mycoplasma detection in pharmaceutical products. In another instance, in March 2019, Lonza, a Switzerland-based chemicals and biotechnology company, launched Lucetta 2 Luminometer to increase the accuracy and speed of mycoplasma detection in cell culture experiments. The luminometer is a single-tube system intended to accelerate and simplify mycoplasma detection in cell cultures. In January 2020, Charles River Laboratories International, Inc., a USA-based company specializing in a variety of preclinical and clinical laboratory services for the biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices industry acquired HemaCare Corporation for approximately $380 million in cash. With the acquisition, Charles River Laboratories International, Inc. expands the scientific capabilities of the company in the high-growth cell therapy sector and HemaCare cellular products improve Charles River Laboratories ability to offer a comprehensive cell therapy solution, including mycoplasma detection. HemaCare Corporation is a USA-based company engaged in the production of human-derived biological products and services for cellular therapy development, drug discovery, and biomedical research. Major players in the mycoplasma testing market are Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Merck KGaA, Lonza, PromoCell GmbH, American Type Culture Collection, Charles River Laboratories International Inc., Bionique Testing Laboratories Inc., Biological Industries Israel Beit Haemek Ltd., InvivoGen, Agilent Technologies, Abbott, Roche Diagnostics, Boston Scientific Corporation, Clongen Laboratories LLC, Creative Bioarray, Nelson Laboratories Fairfield Inc., Norgen Biotek Corporation, Biotools B & M Labs S.A, GenBio, GeneCopoeia Inc., Minerva Biolabs GmbH, Mycoplasma Experience, Savyon Diagnostics, ScienCell Research Laboratories Inc., AngioDynamics, AtriCure Inc., CONMED Corporation, Olympus Corporation, Smith & Nephew, and Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics. North America was the largest region in the mycoplasma testing market in 2020. Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the mycoplasma testing market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the mycoplasma testing market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global mycoplasma testing market is segmented - 1) By Product: Instruments, Assay, Kits, and Reagents 2) By Technology: PCR, ELISA, Enzymatic Methods, DNA Staining, Other Technologies 3) By Application: Cell Line Testing, Virus Testing, End-of-Production Cell Testing 4) By End User: Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Companies, Cell Banks & Laboratories, Contract Research Organizations, Academic Research Institutes

The soft tissue repair market consists of sales of soft tissue repair by entities (organizations, sole traders, and partnerships) that manufacture soft tissue repair products. Soft tissue repair is defined as the replacement of wounded or damaged tissues with healthy tissues. The main types of soft tissue repair products include fixation devices, tissue patch or mesh, laparoscopic instruments. Fixation devices provide alignment and stabilization to the torn connective tissue. These include devices like cortical buttons and corresponding suture kits which helps enable the tension and the ability to attach tendon or tendon graft directly to the bone inside a pre-drilled socket. Tissue patch or mesh is a specialty biomaterial used for soft tissue repairs by supporting damaged tissues during the healing process. The laparoscopic instruments include various dissectors, graspers, scissors, electrodes, needle holders, and shaft and connection configurations for handling soft tissues during surgeries. The soft tissue repair is used in hernia repair, dural repair, skin repair, vaginal sling procedures, orthopedic repair, dental repair, breast reconstruction repair. These products are used by hospitals, clinics, research and academic institutes, others. The global soft tissue repair market is expected to grow from $8.78 billion in 2020 to $9.26 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%. The growth is mainly due to the rising incidence of soft tissue injuries among the growing geriatric population. The soft tissue repair market is expected to reach $13.17 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 9.2%. The increasing cases of sport-related injuries boosted the growth of the soft tissue repair market in the historic period. Sports injuries are injuries that occur when participating in sports or exercising. In sports, soft tissue injuries are the most frequent. Tissues that attach, sustain, or surround other body structures and organs are referred to as soft tissue. For instance, according to the British Journal of Sports Medicine, 12% of Olympic athletes were injured during the 2018 Winter Olympics. In 2018, more than 3.5 million children aged 14 and under were injured when engaging in sports or leisure activities. Therefore, the increasing prevalence of sport-related injuries drove the growth of the soft tissue repair market. The stringent regulatory standards for products like tissue mesh restrained the market growth in the historic period. The FDA requires manufacturers of these products to address safety concerns, through a rigorous premarket approval (PMA) pathway to demonstrate safety and effectiveness. The strong clinical requirements for surgical mesh and strict compliance to reduce risks could delay product approvals and thus restrain the market for soft tissue repair in the forecast period. Companies in the soft tissue market are investing in technological developments for increasing market share and providing innovative products to customers. Major companies operating in the soft tissue repair sector are focused on developing a technologically advanced solution for soft tissues. For instance, in April 2020, In2Bones, a USA-based designer, manufacturer, and distributor of medical devices for the treatment of disorders and injuries launched ClearGuard LE Endoscopic Soft Tissue Release System in the USA, which is used by orthopedic and podiatric specialists to treat a variety of foot problems. The ClearGuard LE Endoscopic Soft Tissue Release System gives orthopedic and podiatric specialists an easy-to-use, repeatable, and cost-effective system for high-volume lower extremity soft tissue surgeries such as plantar fascia, gastrocnemius, tarsal tunnel, and Morton's neuroma. In December 2020, Integra Lifesciences, a USA-based medical device company acquired ACell for $300 million. The acquisition is expected to expand Integra Lifesciences regenerative capabilities and is complementary to the existing tissue technologies portfolio of the company. ACell is a USA-based company that develops and manufactures unique extracellular matrix products to repair and remodel damaged tissues through remodeling. Major players in the soft tissue repair market are Organogenesis Inc., Stryker Corporation, Johnson & Johnson, Arthrex Inc, CryoLife Inc., Integra Lifesciences Corporation, Wright Medical Technology, Smith & Nephew plc, C.R. Bard Inc., Athersys Inc., Medtronic Plc, Zimmer Biomet Holdings Inc., Lifenet Health Inc., Isto Biologics, Covidien plc, Becton Dickinson and Company, LifeCell Corporation, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, and Boston Scientific Corporation. North America was the largest region in the soft tissue repair market in 2020. Asia Pacific region is predicted to record fastest growth over the forecast period. The regions covered in the soft tissue repair market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the soft tissue repair market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global soft tissue repair market is segmented - 1) By Product: Fixation Devices, Tissue Patch Or Mesh, Laparoscopic Instruments 2) By Application: Hernia Repair, Dural Repair, Skin Repair, Vaginal Sling Procedures, Orthopedic Repair, Dental Repair, Breast Reconstruction Repair 3) By End-User: Hospitals, Clinics, Research And Academic Institutes, Others

The cell therapy technologies market consists of sales of cell therapy technologies that are medicinal solutions used for developing and improving cell therapy, such as cell processing, cell banking, and point-of-care technologies. Cell therapy is a type of treatment used to inject active cells into the body of a patient for treating some disorders. This therapy seeks to treat diseases by altering certain sets of cells. In this technique, cells, which originate from the patient or a donor are modified outside the body and then injected into the patient. The main types of products in cell therapy technologies are consumables, equipment, systems & software and is applied on the different type of cells including t-cells, stem cells, and other cells. Stem cells are special human cells that can become almost any type of cell in the human body. This can range from brain cells to muscle cells and is also used to fix damaged tissues. T-cells are white blood cells and are critical to the immune system for responding against specific foreign substances or pathogens. The process involved in cell therapy technologies includes cell processing, cell preservation, distribution, and handling, process monitoring and quality control. Cell therapy technologies are used in various sectors including life science companies, research institutes. The global cell therapy technologies market is expected to grow from $2.36 billion in 2020 to $2.96 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.4%. The growth is mainly due to an increase in investments in cell therapies and the growth in research and development for cell therapy. The cell therapy technologies market is expected to reach $5.57 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 17.1%. Increasing investments by the government in cell-based research contributed to the growth of the global cell therapy technologies market. Governments are increasingly investing in research activities for developing therapies for diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and others. For instance, in November 2019, the Australian government released $150 million, over 10 years, for The Stem Cell Therapies Mission. The funding was obtained by Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF), to support Australian researchers to deliver new therapies. Moreover, in August 2019, Newcastle University spin-out Atelerix, pioneers in the storage and transport of cells at room temperature, were awarded a grant of £267,000 ($292,087) from Innovate UK, with collaborators Rexgenero and the cell and gene therapy catapult. Thus, the upsurge in government investments in cell-based research boosted the demand for the cell therapy technologies market in the historic period. High costs associated with cell therapy is expected to restrain the market in the forecast period. The pressure to contain costs and demonstrate value is widespread. Political uncertainty and persistent economic stress in numerous countries are calling into question the sustainability of public health care funding. In less wealthy countries, the lack of cost-effective therapies for cancer has influenced the health conditions of the population and has led to a low average life expectancy. For example, cell therapies, especially gene-editing cell therapies such as CAR-T therapy highly expensive. The two first CAR T-cell therapies, Kymriah and Yescarta, have been given price tags of $475,000 and $373,000 respectively, in the USA, with similar pricing in Europe. Thus, the high cost of cell therapy is restraining the growth of the market. Strategic collaborations and partnerships between the industry players are gaining popularity in the cell therapy technologies market. Major companies are collaborating and partnering with other companies to developing new technologies in cell therapy areas for the treatment of a variety of diseases. For instance, in August 2020, IsoPlexis Corporation, USA-based collaborated with Lonza, a Switzerland-based chemicals and biotechnology company to enable the next generation of precision cell therapy manufacturing. In another instance, in July 2020, Hitachi, Ltd., a Japan-based provider of a broad range of solutions including automated cell culture technologies to pharmaceutical companies in the area of cell therapy and regenerative medicine industry collaborated with ThinkCyte, Inc., a Japan-based biotechnology company to focus on developing artificial intelligence (AI)-driven cell analysis and sorting system. In March 2020, Danaher Corporation, a USA-based company that designs, manufactures, and markets professional, medical, industrial, and commercial products, and services acquired General Electric (GE) biopharma business for $21.4 billion. The biopharma business was a part of the GE life sciences division that offered software and equipment used in biopharmaceutical research. The acquisition is expected to expand Danahe life sciences business. General Electric Company is an American company that operates in four industrial segments: aviation, power, renewable energy, and healthcare globally. Major players in the cell therapy technologies market are Thermo Fisher Scientific, Merck, MaxCyte, Lonza Group, Sartorius, Terumo BCT, Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co. KGaA, Avantor Inc., Miltenyi Biotec, STEMCELL Technologies Inc., Beckman Coulter, Danaher, Becton Dickinson and Company, and GE Healthcare. North America was the largest region in the cell therapy technologies market in 2020. Asia Pacific is predicted to record fastest growth over the forecast period. The regions covered in the cell therapy technologies market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the cell therapy technologies market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, and USA. The global cell therapy technologies market is segmented - 1) By Product: Consumables, Equipment, Systems & Software 2) By Cell Type: T-Cells, Stem Cells, Other Cells 3) By Process: Cell Processing, Cell Preservation, Distribution And Handling, Process Monitoring And Quality Control 4) By End-User: Life Science Companies, Research Institutes

Home Health Care And Residential Nursing Care Services Market Definition

The pyrogen testing market consists of sales of pyrogen testing and related services by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that provide pyrogen testing to check the presence or absence of pyrogens in all aqueous parenterals. Pyrogen testing determines the presence of bacterial toxins in vaccines, biotechnological products, and drugs, which induces fever in humans. It also determines the presence of microbes and their metabolites in drugs during the manufacturing process. The main types of pyrogen tests are LAL test, in vitro test, and rabbit test. The LAL (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate) test is a test for the determination of bacterial endotoxins, which uses the amebocyte lysate of the Limulus crab. The rabbit pyrogen test is a test in which a small amount of batched test material is injected into a rabbit’s bloodstream, and the body temperature of the rabbit is monitored. The products used for pyrogen tests include assays, kits, and reagents, instruments and related services, and are used in pharmaceutical and biologics, medical devices, and other industries. The global pyrogen testing market is expected to grow from $1.03 billion in 2020 to $1.20 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.2%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The global pyrogen testing market is expected to reach $1.78 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 10.4%. The rising investments in research and development in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries contributed to the growth of the pyrogen testing market. Pyrogen testing is used by pharmaceutical, biotech, and various drug manufacturing companies for the safe manufacturing and introduction of infection-free products into the market. For instance, in 2019, major players in the pharmaceuticals market Roche, AstraZeneca and Merck have invested heavily in R&D activities. Roche invested around $12 billion which represented 19% of its $63.3 billion in sales. Therefore, high investments in research and development by pharmaceuticals companies drive the pyrogen testing market. Companies are focusing on the evolution of various animal-free pyrogen testing methods such as monocyte activation assay (MAT) to overcome constraints of rabbit pyrogen testing method and LAL test, and to produce a human treatment of animals. MAT provides a high level of prediction of pyrogenic activity and also stimulates fever reaction better than the RPT or BET/LAL. MAT pyrogen testing method is used to detect both endotoxin and non-endotoxin pyrogens, but the LAL test is limited to detect only endotoxin pyrogen. For instance, Merck focused on two MAT systems for the detection of pyrogens namely PyroDetect, PyroMAT. Major players in the pyrogen testing market are Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Merck KGaA, Charles River Laboratories, Inc., Lonza Group, Ellab A/S, Nelson Laboratories Inc., Associates of Cape Cod, Inc., GenScript, BioMerieux, Hyglos GmbH, Sanquin, Wako Chemicals USA, Inc., and Pyrostar. North America was the largest region in the pyrogen testing market in 2020. Asia Pacific is expected to continue to be the fastest growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the pyrogen testing market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the pyrogen testing market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global pyrogen testing market is segmented - 1) By Test Type: LAL Test, In Vitro Test, Rabbit Test 2) By Product And Service: Assays, Kits, Reagents, Instruments, Services 3) By Application: Pharmaceutical And Biologics, Medical Devices, Others

The antimicrobial susceptibility testing market consists of sales of antimicrobial susceptibility testing by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that are engaged in laboratory services that provide antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is a laboratory procedure done by clinical laboratory professionals to identify which antimicrobial specimen is specifically effective for individual patients. The main types of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) procedures are antibacterial testing, antifungal testing, antiparasitic testing and others. Antifungal susceptibility testing refers to the ability of a specific organism to grow in vitro in the presence of a particular drug. AST products that are used in the testing are manual antimicrobial susceptibility testing products, automated laboratory instruments, and other consumables. These are used for diagnostics, drug discovery and development, and epidemiology. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is used by hospitals and diagnostic centers, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, research and academic institutes, and clinical research organizations (CROs). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing market is expected to grow from $3.01 billion in 2020 to $3.44 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.2%. The growth is mainly due to the companies rearranging their operations and recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The global antimicrobial susceptibility testing market is expected to reach $4.33 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 5.9%. The rising incidence of infectious diseases globally contributed to the growth of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing market. Infectious diseases are caused by organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Diseases caused by bacteria are bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis, by the virus are smallpox, AIDS and others. According to World Health Organization (WHO), in 2019, an estimated 10 million people are infected with tuberculosis globally, 1.4 million died, and 38 million people living with HIV/AIDS. This increase in the incidence of infected people boosted the use of susceptibility testing of the organisms to develop the most effective drugs and this, in turn, drove the market for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing is increasingly being used to avoid misuse of antibiotics and to provide effective treatment and this is emerging as a key trend in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing market. There are many ways to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing in minutes or few hours. FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization) is mostly used in rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The PNA-FISH applies peptide nucleic acid probes that allow rapid and specific binding, this process is applied in QuickFish technology (OpGen) it performs identification of microbial by targeting 16s RNA. For instance, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing system by Genefluidics Inc measures bacterial growth by quantifying 16s rRNA molecules using an electrochemical biosensor. Major players in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing market are BioMérieux SA, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Danaher Corporation, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Accelerate Diagnostics, Hi-Media Laboratories, Creative Diagnostics, Merck KGaA, Roche Diagnostics Limited, BD, Alifax Holding S.p.A., Synbiosis, Zhuhai DL Biotech Co, Mast Group, ELITechGroup, Genefluidics, Mast Group, CONDALAB, and QuantaMatrix. North America was the largest region in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing market in 2020. Asia Pacific is expected to be the fastest growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the global antimicrobial susceptibility testing market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global antimicrobial susceptibility testing market is segmented - 1) By Type: Antibacterial Testing, Antifungal Testing, Antiparasitic Testing, Others 2) By Products: Manual Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Products, Automated Laboratory Instruments, Consumables 3) By Application: Diagnostics, Drug Discovery And Development, Epidemiology, Others 4) By End User: Hospitals And Diagnostic Centers, Pharmaceutical And Biotechnology Companies, Research And Academic Institutes, Clinical Research Organizations (CROs)

The 3D cell culture technologies market consist of sales of 3D cell culture technologies and related services. Some of the 3D cell culture technologies include microfluidics, hydrogels scaffolds, scaffold-free 3D cell culture techniques, spheroids, cube, spherical droplet, stacked plate, magnetic bead, organ-on-chips and other technologies. The 3D cell culture technologies market does not include sales of cell culture consumables and instruments. This market is segmented into scaffold based, scaffold-free technologies and 3D bioreactors. The 3D cell culture technologies market covered in this report is segmented by type into scaffold-based, scaffold-free, 3D bioreactors. The 3D cell culture technologies market is also segmented by end users into research laboratories and institutes, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, hospitals and diagnostic centers, other end users; by scaffold-based into hydrogels, polymeric scaffolds, micropatterned surface microplates; by scaffold-free into hanging drop microplates, spheroid microplates, microfluidic 3D cell culture, magnetic levitations & 3d bioprinting and by application into cancer research, stem cell research, drug discovery, regenerative medicine. The global 3D cell culture technologies market is expected to grow from $1.63 billion in 2020 to $1.88 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.3%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The 3D cell culture technologies market is expected to reach $4.23 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 22.5%. The increasing requirement for organ transplantation is driving the 3D cell culture technologies market. 3D cell culture helps in forming a three-dimensional structure which further helps in mimicking the tissue or organ and therefore helps in organ transplantation. 3D cell structures are capable of tissue and organ regeneration as well as providing the provision for drug toxicology screening. According to the U.S. government information on organ donation and transplantation, 39,718 transplants were performed in 2019 and above 109,000 people are waiting for the transplant as of September 2020. The possibility of contaminating the cells is restricting the 3D cell culture technologies market. Contamination of the cell culture refers to the presence of bacteria, moulds, yeasts, viruses, and mycoplasma that can adversely affect the cell culture. Contamination usually occurs when the cells are mishandled or due to the lack of adequate care, as a result the process of regeneration may get affected. According to a study conducted by Yale and Tuff's university, it was found that 3D cultures are more complex than 2D cell cultures and they require a more controlled cellular environment in order to mimic structures for tissue or organ transplants. Therefore, probability of cell culture contamination is relatively higher in 3D cell cultures. Implementing the latest technology is the latest trend in the 3D cell culture market. For example, various companies have adopted one such advancement into the market for 3D cell culture, this is the use of the vivo/vitro environment. Cell expansion and interactions under 2D are not appropriate in vitro models but when compared with 3D cell culture technique, it offers a better cell culture environment. The vitro environment enables researchers or doctors to conduct the procedure in a controlled environment outside the organism. This procedure is gaining importance as it plays a vital role in monitoring the health of patients. FDA approved Biotek's 3D cell expansion system to be used as a medical device. It also approved Biotek's Polycaprolactone (PCL) which is a biodegradable polyester material that is used in many FDA approved implants and drug delivery devices. FDA regulates the cell culture technologies under title 21, sec 864.2240. FDA states that cell and tissue culture technologies should be labelled or mentioned as sterile, or else they would be removed from the good manufacturing practice of the quality system. Each technology unit should maintain procedures to receive, review, and evaluate complaints. These procedures should also include the consistent documentation of the receipts. In 2018, Greiner Bio-One North America Inc. acquired 3D cell culture technology platform of Nano 3D Biosciences Inc. for an undisclosed amount. This will not only help Greiner Bio-One expand its portfolio but it will also help it strengthen its reach in the market. 3D cell culture is a disruptive technology in this market, it will help by improving the quality of results and pave new pathways towards disease treatment and prevention. Nano 3D Biosciences was established in 2008 and is headquartered in Texas, USA. Major players in the 3D cell culture technologies market are Nano3D Biosciences Corning Inc., Merck & Co., 3D Biotek LLC, 3D Biomatrix and Thermo Fisher Scientific. The regions covered in the 3D cell culture technologies market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the 3D cell culture technologies market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global 3D cell culture technologies market is segmented - 1) By Type: Scaffold-based, Scaffold-free, 3D Bioreactors 2) By End Users: Research Laboratories and Institutes, Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies, Hospitals and Diagnostic Centers, Other End Users 3) By Scaffold-Based: Hydrogels, Polymeric Scaffolds, Micropatterned Surface Microplates 4) By Scaffold-Free: Hanging Drop Microplates, Spheroid Microplates, Microfluidic 3D Cell Culture, Magnetic Levitations & 3D Bioprinting 5) By Application: Cancer Research, Stem Cell Research, Drug Discovery, Regenerative Medicine

The bioinformatics market consists of sales of bioinformatics and related services. Bioinformatics combines computer programming, information engineering, mathematics, and statistics to analyze biological data for drug discovery and for preclinical studies. The bioinformatics market covered in this report is segmented by products and serivces into knowledge management tools, data analysis platforms, services. The bioinformatics market is also segmented by application into metabolomics, molecular phylogenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, chemoinformatics, genomics, others and by end users into pharmaceutics, animal study, agriculture, forensic science, other end users. The global bioinformatics market is expected to grow from $9.38 billion in 2020 to $10.57 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.7%. The growth is mainly due to the companies resuming their operations and adapting to the new normal while recovering from the COVID-19 impact, which had earlier led to restrictive containment measures involving social distancing, remote working, and the closure of commercial activities that resulted in operational challenges. The bioinformatics market is expected to reach $18.46 billion in 2025 at a CAGR of 15%. Increasing demand for protein sequencing is driving growth in the bioinformatics market. Protein sequencing refers to the process of determining the sequence of amino acids in all or part of the proteins present in DNA, based on which specific functions, activities, origin or localization of the protein is determined. Protein sequencing helps analysts to understand the distribution of amino acids along the sequences and the structure of proteins. With bioinformatics methods and databases, capacity, structure and developmental history of proteins can be effectively identified. The demand for protein sequencing is expected to grow on account of factors such as advancements in clinical mass spectrometry and analytical techniques, and significant adoption of target-based drug development by pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. For instance, the total number of protein sequences in UniProtKB, which is a freely accessible database of protein sequence and functional information, increased by over 325%. Lack of interoperability among various available data formats is acting as a restraint on the bioinformatics market. Various data formats come with differences in structures of data. There are numerous protein databases available through various resources, and each database chooses to represent proteins in a different format. Also, different data models such as object data model or relational data model are used while collecting data. Therefore, the problem of interoperability arises when a researcher tries to integrate the results of unique databases present in different data formats. Various data formats available for bioinformatics include Compressed Row Storage (CRS), Sparse Vector, Avro, Parquet and ORC (Optimized Row Compressed). According to a report by Pharmaphorum, an estimated 80% of the researchers’ time is spent on data grooming and only 20% on actual data analysis. This is essentially due to the lack of standardized file types and inconsistent data formatting, which means that every new program results in a new data format. The interoperability issues arising from the use of multiple data formats is affecting market growth. Companies in the bioinformatics market are increasingly investing in the research and development of nanopore sequncing technology. Nanopore sequencing is a single molecule DNA sequencing technology which eliminates the need for Polymerase Chain Reaction or chemical labelling of the sample. This technology passes ionic current through nanopores (a pore of nanometer size) and when the biological molecules pass through the nanopores or near to it then this technology measures the changes in current which can be used to identify the molecule. Nanopore sequencing technology offers high throughput, low cost, longer reads (Sequence of a section of a unique fragment) to the analyst and helps in the collection of data which is an essential part of bioinformatics. For instance, Oxford Nanopore Technologies raised $140 million for commercial expansion and support for further research and development in the area of nanopore technology. Also, biotechnology company Amgen invested $66 million in the company. The bioinformatics market is governed by various regulatory bodies for quality and compliance of bioinformatics platforms. For instance, in India, the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), set up by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, regulates the bioinformatics market. BIRAC introduces Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) as a measure of estimating the maturity of technology while in the evaluation phases until these technologies are complete to be offered commercially. The TRL scale provides 9 technology readiness levels with TRL1 being the stage when the technology is ideated, and TRL9 being the stage when the technology is ready for commercial use. The manufacturers have to get past TRL9 to have their product available commercially and ready to be marketed. These TRL's consist of various levels of compliance and processes that the manufacturers must adhere to. The bioinformatics platform is evaluated for quality, feasibility, data privacy and protection as per international standards. In September 2020, APIS Assay Technologies Ltd, a UK based Biotechnology company acquired BeoGenomics for an undisclosed amount. With the addition of Beogenomics’ proven expertise in bioinformatics APIS Assay Technologies Ltd can more effectively capture the exciting opportunities presented in the bioinformatics space. BeoGenomics, a USA based bioinformatics company that focuses on NGS, SNP chip and GeneChip genomic data processing and analysis. Major players in the bioinformatics market are Agilent Technologies, Illumina, QIAGEN, Affymetrix and Thermo Fisher Scientific. The regions covered in the bioinformatics market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East and Africa. The countries covered in the bioinformatics market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA. The global bioinformatics market is segmented - 1) By Products and Serivces: Knowledge Management Tools, Data Analysis Platforms, Services 2) By Application: Metabolomics, Molecular Phylogenetics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Chemoinformatics, Genomics, Others 3) By End Users: Pharmaceutics, Animal Study, Agriculture, Forensic Science, Other End Users