Direct Mail Advertising Market 2022 – By Type (Postcards, Self-Mailers, Letters And Envelopes, Dimensional Mailers, Catalogs), By Enterprise Size (Large Enterprise, Small And Medium Enterprise), By End-User (Retail, Banking And Financial Institutions, Transportation, Media And Entertainment, Government, Other End-Users), And By Region, Opportunities And Strategies – Global Forecast To 2031

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Direct Mail Advertising Market Definition

The direct mail advertising market consists of the sales of direct mail advertising services and related goods by entities (organizations, sole traders and partnerships) that are involved in the creation of mail designs, printing them out, delivery of the mail and managing replies. It also includes companies that deal with other advertisement and promotional activities by postal mail.  Creativity, design and content of the mail is very important if companies are seeking replies. The content and mode of advertising can be customized according to the audience being targeted.

Direct Mail Advertising Market Size

The direct mail advertising market size reached a value of nearly $42,799.0 million in 2021, having grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -1.4% since 2016. The market is expected to grow from $42,799.0 million in 2021 to $46,330.1 million in 2026 at a rate of 1.6%. The market is then expected to grow at a CAGR of 0.7% from 2026 and reach $47,938.3 million in 2031.    

Growth in the historic period resulted from the strong economic growth in emerging markets, supportive government initiatives, increased consumer preference and rising disposable income.

Going forward, an increase in investments, benefits associated with direct mail advertising and growth in the printing industry will drive market growth. Factors that could hinder the growth of the direct mail advertising market in the future include an increase in internet penetration and a rise in digitization.

Direct Mail Advertising Market Drivers

The key drivers of the direct mail advertising market include:

Benefits Associated With Direct Mail Advertising

  •    The benefits associated with direct mail advertising are contributing to the growth of the direct mail advertising market. The major benefits associated with direct mail advertising include high read rate, response rate, ability to target the household rather than an individual, multiple reads of one document and personalization.
  • The tangible benefits that direct mail offers, along with the facility that personal and special messages can be delivered to target customers, builds trust in customers. Also, direct mail tends to have a longer shelf life than email or digital marketing.
  • According to the Postary (Postcard Marketing & Direct Mail Platform), the average response rate of direct mail is around 2.7% - 4.4%, while an email has around 0.6%, which is comparatively very low.  The average open rate varies between 57.5% – 85%, and the average return on investment is $4.09 (£3.22) for $1.27 (£1) spent on direct mail. Such benefits from direct mail advertising drive the direct mail advertising market.
  • Direct Mail Advertising Market Restraints

    The key restraints on the direct mail advertising market include:

    Increase In Internet Penetration

  • The established enterprises are investing in digital modes of advertising. It is estimated that India will reach 1 billion internet users by the year 2025, up from over 687.6 million internet users in 2020.
  • Also, according to a datareportal report, internet users are increasing at an annual rate of 4.8 percent, an average of more than 600,000 new users each day, and in October 2021, 4.88 billion people around the world are reported to use the internet.
  • The increasing internet penetration will give individuals and enterprises access to a wide variety of applications and benefits without spending their money, and it is expected to restrain the demand for direct mail advertising market in the forecast period.
  •            

    Direct Mail Advertising Market Trends

    Major trends influencing the direct mail advertising market include:

    Technological Advancements

  • The companies operating in the direct mail advertising sector are focusing on developing technological advanced solutions for direct mails to choose, that vary in terms of accuracy, reliability, and costs. Among them is near-field communication (NFC).
  • NFC is a microchip inserted in the direct mail piece that can emit short radio waves that communicate with the mobile phone to activate a digital experience. An NFC-enabled mobile device must be placed over the NFC-embedded direct mail, and the content will appear on the mobile screen. NFC technology is used in direct mail campaigns to generate a personalized message, video, direct the consumer to a specific webpage and even allow the consumer to automatically autodial by scanning the NFC chip.
  • For example, in May 2021, Samsung, a South Korea-based electronics company, used ‘Share to Go’ FC posters to market their smartphone’s data sharing capabilities. Samsung was looking for a smart and memorable way to promote the NFC features of its Galaxy smartphones. Bringing posters and direct mails to life, by embedding them with NFC technology.
  •    

    Introducing Innovative Platforms

  • Companies operating in the direct mail advertising sector are focusing on introducing innovative platforms to accelerate their digital transformation.
  • Innovative platforms provide innovative solutions to enterprises and help them in executing their goals.
  • For instance, in June 2020, an R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, a US-based company operating in direct mail advertising, launched Loft@RRD, a new platform that provides innovative solutions to customers by combining new technologies, such as data analytics and machine learning.
  • This Innovation-as-a-Service platform helps in delivering customized solutions to companies and thereby aims to help businesses to boost the customer experience, through prototyping and rapid iteration.
  • Further, in May 2022, Lob, a US-based company operating in direct mail advertising, launched a direct mail automation platform. This platform consists of unique features, such as web hooks to activate campaigns and customer data automation tools to closely track the reactivations.
  • Opportunities And Recommendations In The Direct Mail Advertising Market

    Opportunities –The top opportunities in the direct mail advertising market segmented by type will arise in the self-mailers segment, which will gain $1,232.9 million of global annual sales by 2026. The top opportunities in the direct mail advertising market segmented by enterprise size will arise in the small and medium enterprise segment, which will gain $2,727.8 million of global annual sales by 2026. The top opportunities in the direct mail advertising market segmented by end-user will arise in the other end-users segment, which will gain $1,081.6 of global annual sales by 2026. The direct mail advertising market size will gain the most in the USA at $793.7 million.

    Recommendations-To take advantage of the opportunities, The Business Research Company recommends the direct mail advertising companies to introduce innovative platforms, focus on 3D direct mail campaigns, use artificial intelligence (AI), expand in emerging markets, focus on partnerships and acquisitions, provide competitively priced offerings, continue to participate in events and conferences and target fast-growing end-users.

    Direct Mail Advertising Market Segmentation

    The direct mail advertising market is segmented by type, by enterprise size, and by end-user.
    By Type -
    The direct mail advertising market is segmented by type into
      • a) Postcards
      • b) Self-Mailers
      • c) Letters And Envelopes
      • d) Dimensional Mailers
      • e) Catalogs
    The self-mailers market was the largest segment of the direct mail advertising market segmented by type, accounting for 36.5% of the total in 2021. Going forward, the dimensional mailers segment is expected to be the fastest growing segment in the direct mail advertising market segmented by type, at a CAGR of 1.8% during 2021-2026.
    By Enterprise Size –
    The direct mail advertising market is segmented by enterprise size into
      • a) Large Enterprise
      • b) Small And Medium Enterprise
    The small and medium enterprise market was the largest segment of the direct mail advertising market segmented by enterprise size, accounting for 75.9% of the total in 2021. Going forward, the small and medium enterprise segment is expected to be the fastest growing segment in the direct mail advertising market segmented by enterprise size, at a CAGR of 1.6% during 2021-2026.
    By End-User –
    The direct mail advertising market is segmented by end-user into
      • a) Retail
      • b) Banking And Financial Institutions
      • c) Transportation
      • d) Media And Entertainment
      • e) Government
      • f) Other End-Users
    The other end-users market was the largest segment of the direct mail advertising market segmented by end-user, accounting for 33.8% of the total in 2021. Going forward, the transportation segment is expected to be the fastest growing segment in the direct mail advertising market segmented by end-user, at a CAGR of 1.8% during 2021-2026.
    By Geography - The direct mail advertising market is segmented by geography into
        o Asia Pacific
        • • China
        • • India
        • • Japan
        • • Australia
        • • Indonesia
        • • South Korea
        o North America
        • • USA
        o South America
        • • Brazil
        o Western Europe
        • • France
        • • Germany
        • • UK
        o Eastern Europe
        • • Russia
        o Middle East
        o Africa
    Western Europe was the largest region in the direct mail advertising market, accounting for 30.1% of the total in 2021. It was followed by Asia Pacific, and then the other regions. Going forward, the fastest-growing regions in the global direct mail advertising market will be Asia Pacific, and, South America where growth will be at CAGRs of 2.4% and 2.1% respectively. These will be followed by Middle East, and Africa where the markets are expected to grow at CAGRs of 2.0% and 1.9% respectively.

    Direct Mail Advertising Market Competitive Landscape

    Major Competitors are:

  • RR Donnelley
  • Quad/ Graphics
  • IWCO Direct (Steel Connect, Inc)
  • Cenveo
  • Valassis Communications Inc.
  • Other Competitors Include:

  • Modern Postcard
  • Postcard Mania
  • Hibbert
  • Harte Hanks
  • Gunderson Direct
  • Direct Marketing Japan
  • Belluna
  • Senshukai - Belle Maison
  • Dinos – Cecil
  • Nissen
  • Scroll
  • Cataloghouse-Tsuhan Seikatsu
  • Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd
  • Direct Marketing of Asia Limited
  • DotC United Group
  • Youmi
  • ZKT
  • Ebiz-fooge
  • Eptonic
  • Vigorous IT Solution
  • Mobzway Technologies LLP
  • SocialKraft
  • The Printing & Mailing
  • Redcmarketing
  • The Direct Mail Company
  • Deutschepost
  • Seonetitalia
  • S4 Capital
  • Dentsu International
  • PwC's Digital Services
  • Accenture Interactive
  • Boostability (Berlin)
  • SQ Digital
  • Gorilla Marketing
  • Forward PMX
  • RMAA Group
  • Onmarus
  • Mediapost Hit Mail
  • Direct Marketing
  • Fair Marketing Inc
  • All My Web Needs
  • 2Novas
  • Beyond Spots & Dots
  • BFM Group Inc
  • d.trio marketing group
  • D & GG Marketing Communications and Advertising
  • Technbrains
  • BKM Marketing
  • Insignia Nexus
  • Way2net Digital Marketing Agency
  • BullMetrix
  • Meira Productivity
  • Banco de Eventos
  • Rock Comunicacao
  • Agencia Digital HGX Criacao de Sites e Marketing Digital
  • C4 Advertising
  • FLY Branding
  • Agência Bee Creative
  • Marcom
  • EDS FZE (Social/Digital Marketing & Lead Generation Company)
  • French Vision Advertising & Marketing
  • Eventis Marketing
  • ThinkDirect, Marcom Arabia
  • Nolwa Private Limited
  • FP Group
  • Dunia Production
  • Dice Marketing & Advertising
  • Life Contact Center
  • MANGO5
  • Luna Digital
  • Leadburst Digital
  • Lightspeed Digital Media
  • In Africa Connect
  • Watson Ferguson Marketing Agency
  • DOINGSOON
    1. Table Of Contents

      1. Direct Mail Advertising Market Executive Summary

      2. Table of Contents

      3. List of Figures

      4. List of Tables

      5. Report Structure

      6. Introduction and Market Characteristics

      6.1. General Market Definition

      6.2. Summary

      6.3. Direct Mail Advertising Market Definition and Segmentations

      6.4. Market Segmentation By Type

      6.4.1. Postcards

      6.4.2. Self-Mailers

      6.4.3. Letters And Envelopes

      6.4.4. Dimensional Mailers

      6.4.5. Catalogs

      6.5. Market Segmentation By Enterprise Size

      6.5.1. Large Enterprise

      6.5.2. Small And Medium Enterprise

      6.6. Market Segmentation By End-User

      6.6.1. Retail

      6.6.2. Banking And Financial Institutions

      6.6.3. Transportation

      6.6.4. Media And Entertainment

      6.6.5. Government

      6.6.6. Other End-Users

      7. Major Market Trends

      7.1. Technological Advancements

      7.2. Introducing Innovative Platforms

      7.3. 3D Direct Mail Campaigns

      7.4. Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Direct Mail Advertising

      7.5. Direct Mail Sustainability

      7.6. Augmented Reality (AR) In Direct Mail Advertising

      7.7. Partnerships And Acquisition For Brand Expansions

      8. Global Market Size And Growth

      8.1. Market Size

      8.2. Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      8.2.1. Market Drivers 2016 – 2021

      8.2.2. Market Restraints 2016 – 2021

      8.3. Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      8.3.1. Market Drivers 2021 – 2026

      8.3.2. Market Restraints 2021 – 2026

      9. Direct Mail Advertising Market, Regional Analysis

      9.1. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      9.2. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      10. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Segmentation

      10.1. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      10.2. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Enterprise Size, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      10.3. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11. Asia-Pacific Market

      11.1. Summary

      11.2. Market Overview

      11.2.1. Region Information

      11.2.2. Market Information

      11.2.3. Background Information

      11.2.4. Government Initiatives

      11.2.5. Regulations

      11.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      11.2.7. Major Associations

      11.2.8. Taxes Levied

      11.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      11.2.10. Investments

      11.2.11. Major Companies

      11.3. Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.4. Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.5. Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.6. Asia Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market: Country Analysis

      11.7. China Market

      11.8. Summary

      11.9. Market Overview

      11.9.1. Country Information

      11.9.2. Market Information

      11.9.3. Background Information

      11.9.4. Government Initiatives

      11.9.5. Regulations

      11.9.6. Regulatory Bodies

      11.9.7. Major Associations

      11.9.8. Taxes Levied

      11.9.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      11.9.10. Investments

      11.9.11. Major Companies

      11.10. China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.11. China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.12. China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.13. India Market

      11.14. India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.15. India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.16. India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.17. Japan Market

      11.18. Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.19. Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.20. Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.21. Australia Market

      11.22. Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.23. Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.24. Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.25. Indonesia Market

      11.26. Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.27. Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.28. Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      11.29. South Korea Market

      11.30. South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      11.31. South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      11.32. South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      12. Western Europe Market

      12.1. Summary

      12.2. Market Overview

      12.2.1. Region Information

      12.2.2. Market Information

      12.2.3. Background Information

      12.2.4. Government Initiatives

      12.2.5. Regulations

      12.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      12.2.7. Major Associations

      12.2.8. Taxes Levied

      12.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      12.2.10. Investments

      12.2.11. Major Companies

      12.3. Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      12.4. Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      12.5. Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      12.6. Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market: Country Analysis

      12.7. UK Market

      12.8. UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      12.9. UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      12.10. UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      12.11. Germany Market

      12.12. Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      12.13. Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      12.14. Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      12.15. France Market

      12.16. France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      12.17. France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      12.18. France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      13. Eastern Europe Market

      13.1. Summary

      13.2. Market Overview

      13.2.1. Region Information

      13.2.2. Market Information

      13.2.3. Background Information

      13.2.4. Government Initiatives

      13.2.5. Regulations

      13.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      13.2.7. Major Associations

      13.2.8. Taxes Levied

      13.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      13.2.10. Investments

      13.2.11. Major Companies

      13.3. Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      13.4. Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      13.5. Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      13.6. Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market: Country Analysis

      13.7. Russia Market

      13.8. Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      13.9. Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      13.10. Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      14. North America Market

      14.1. Summary

      14.2. Market Overview

      14.2.1. Region Information

      14.2.2. Market Information

      14.2.3. Background Information

      14.2.4. Government Initiatives

      14.2.5. Regulations

      14.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      14.2.7. Taxes Levied

      14.2.8. Corporate Tax Structure

      14.2.9. Investments

      14.2.10. Major Companies

      14.3. North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      14.4. North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      14.5. North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      14.6. North America Direct Mail Advertising Market: Country Analysis

      14.7. USA Market

      14.8. Summary

      14.9. Market Overview

      14.9.1. Region Information

      14.9.2. Market Information

      14.9.3. Background Information

      14.9.4. Government Initiatives

      14.9.5. Regulations

      14.9.6. Regulatory Bodies

      14.9.7. Major Associations

      14.9.8. Taxes Levied

      14.9.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      14.9.10. Investment

      14.9.11. Major Companies

      14.10. USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      14.11. USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      14.12. USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      15. South America Market

      15.1. Summary

      15.2. Market Overview

      15.2.1. Region Information

      15.2.2. Market Information

      15.2.3. Background Information

      15.2.4. Government Initiatives

      15.2.5. Regulations

      15.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      15.2.7. Major Associations

      15.2.8. Taxes Levied

      15.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      15.2.10. Investment

      15.2.11. Major Companies

      15.3. South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      15.4. South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      15.5. South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      15.6. South America Direct Mail Advertising Market: Country Analysis

      15.7. Brazil Market

      15.8. Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      15.9. Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      15.10. Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      16. Middle East Market

      16.1. Summary

      16.2. Market Overview

      16.2.1. Region Information

      16.2.2. Market Information

      16.2.3. Background Information

      16.2.4. Government Initiatives

      16.2.5. Regulations

      16.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      16.2.7. Major Associations

      16.2.8. Taxes Levied

      16.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      16.2.10. Investment

      16.2.11. Major Companies

      16.3. Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      16.4. Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      16.5. Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      17. Africa Market

      17.1. Summary

      17.2. Market Overview

      17.2.1. Region Information

      17.2.2. Market Information

      17.2.3. Background Information

      17.2.4. Government Initiatives

      17.2.5. Regulations

      17.2.6. Regulatory Bodies

      17.2.7. Major Associations

      17.2.8. Taxes Levied

      17.2.9. Corporate Tax Structure

      17.2.10. Investment

      17.2.11. Major Companies

      17.3. Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic Market Growth, 2016 – 2021, Value ($ Million)

      17.4. Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast Market Growth, 2021 – 2026, 2031F Value ($ Million)

      17.5. Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, Value ($ Million)

      18. Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles

      18.1. Company Profiles

      18.2. RR Donnelley

      18.2.1. Company Overview

      18.2.2. Products And Services

      18.2.3. Business Strategy

      18.2.4. Financial Overview

      18.3. Quad/Graphics, Inc

      18.3.1. Company Overview

      18.3.2. Products And Services

      18.3.3. Business Strategy

      18.3.4. Financial Overview

      18.4. Steel Connect, Inc

      18.4.1. Company Overview

      18.4.2. Products And Services

      18.4.3. Business Strategy

      18.4.4. Financial Overview

      18.5. Cenveo

      18.5.1. Company Overview

      18.5.2. Products And Services

      18.5.3. Financial Overview

      18.6. Valassis Communications Inc.

      18.6.1. Company Overview

      18.6.2. Products And Services

      18.6.3. Business Strategy

      18.6.4. Financial Overview

      19. Key Mergers and Acquisitions In The Market

      19.1. Nahan Acquired Intellus Marketing

      19.2. Chatham Asset Management LLC acquired R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company

      19.3. Postal Center International (PCI) Acquired Arrowmail

      19.4. Data Axle Acquired Lake Group Media And DonorBase

      19.5. DNI Corp Acquired Mialer’s Choice

      19.6. CJK group Acquired Cenveo

      19.7. Envision3 Acquired Direct Mail Solutions

      19.8. ALMADEN Acquired The Goode Company

      20. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Opportunities And Strategies

      20.1. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market In 2026 – Countries Offering Most New Opportunities

      20.2. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market In 2026 – Segments Offering Most New Opportunities

      20.3. Global Direct Mail Advertising Market In 2026 – Growth Strategies

      20.3.1. Market Trend Based Strategies

      20.3.2. Competitor Strategies

      21. Direct Mail Advertising Market, Conclusions And Recommendations

      21.1. Conclusions

      21.2. Recommendations

      21.2.1. Product

      21.2.2. Place

      21.2.3. Price

      21.2.4. Promotion

      21.2.5. People

      22. Appendix

      22.1. Market Data Sources

      22.2. Research Methodology

      22.3. Currencies

      22.4. The Business Research Company

      22.5. Copyright and Disclaimer

    List Of Tables

      Table 1: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 2: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 3: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 4: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 5: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 6: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 7: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 8: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 9: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Enterprise Size, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 10: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Enterprise Size, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 11: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 12: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 13: Asia-Pacific Population By Age Group, By Country, 2016-2026, Thousands
    • Table 14: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 15: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 16: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 17: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 18: China GDP Per Capita, 2016-2021, $
    • Table 19: China Population By Age Group, 2016-2026, Thousands
    • Table 20: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 21: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 22: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 23: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 24: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 25: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 26: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 27: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 28: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 29: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 30: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 31: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 32: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 33: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 34: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 35: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 36: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 37: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 38: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 39: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 40: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 41: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 42: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 43: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 44: Western Smart Europe Washing Machines Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 45: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 46: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 47: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 48: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 49: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 50: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 51: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 52: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 53: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 54: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 55: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 56: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 57: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 58: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 59: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 60: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 61: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 62: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 63: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 64: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 65: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 66: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 67: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 68: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 69: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 70: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 71: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 72: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 73: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 74: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 75: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 76: South America GDP Per Capita, 2015-2020, $
    • Table 77: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 78: South America Washing Machines Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 79: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 80: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 81: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 82: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 83: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 84: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 85: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 86: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 87: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 88: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 89: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Table 90: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 91: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Table 92: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, $ Million
    • Table 93: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Key Competitor Estimated Market Shares, 2021, Percentage (%)
    • Table 94: RRD – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Table 95: Quad – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Table 96: Steel Connect – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Table 97: Cenveo – Financial Performance, 2020– 2021, $ Billion
    • Table 98: Valassis – Financial Performance, 2020– 2021, $ Billion
    • Table 99: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Size Gain ($ Million), 2021 – 2026, By Country
    • Table 100: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Size Gain ($ Million), Segmentation By Type, 2021 – 2026
    • Table 101: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Size Gain ($ Million), Segmentation By Enterprise Size, 2021 – 2026
    • Table 102: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Size Gain ($ Million), Segmentation By End-User, 2021 – 2026
    • Table 103: Direct Mail Advertising Market Data Sources

    List Of Figures

      Figure 1: Geographic Regions Covered
    • Figure 2: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Segmentation By Type
    • Figure 3: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Segmentation By Enterprise Size
    • Figure 4: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market Segmentation By End-User
    • Figure 5: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 6: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 7: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 8: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 9: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 10: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Enterprise Size, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 11: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By End-User, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 12: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 13: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 14: Asia-Pacific Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 15: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 16: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 17: China Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 18: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 19: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 20: India Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 21: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 22: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 23: Japan Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 24: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 25: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 26: Australia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 27: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 28: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 29: Indonesia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 30: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 31: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 32: South Korea Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 33: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 34: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 35: Western Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 36: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 37: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 38: UK Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 39: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 40: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 41: Germany Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 42: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 43: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 44: France Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 45: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 46: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 47: Eastern Europe Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 48: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 49: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 50: Russia Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 51: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 52: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 53: North America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 54: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 55: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 56: USA Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 57: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 58: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 59: South America Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 60: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 61: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 62: Brazil Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 63: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 64: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 65: Middle East Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 66: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Historic, 2016 – 2021, $ Million
    • Figure 67: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Forecast, 2021 – 2026, 2031F, $ Million
    • Figure 68: Africa Direct Mail Advertising Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic And Forecast, 2016 – 2021, 2026F, 2031F, %
    • Figure 69: Global Direct Mail Advertising Market, Key Competitor Estimated Market Shares, 2021, Percentage (%)
    • Figure 70: RRD – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Figure 71: Quad – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Figure 72: Steel Connect – Financial Performance, 2017– 2021, $ Billion
    • Figure 73: Cenveo – Financial Performance, 2020– 2021, $ Billion
    • Figure 74: Valassis – Financial Performance, 2020– 2021, $ Billion
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